Department of Pediatric Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Department of Medical Melanoma and Sarcoma, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
J Immunother Cancer. 2021 Sep;9(9). doi: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002920.
Compared with cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, positive findings have been acquired through the approach of blocking the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) pathway with antibodies that exert inhibitory effects on PD-1 or cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1). Results from clinical trials showed great potential in adult patients with cancers, such as melanoma, non-small cell carcinoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, studies of checkpoint inhibitors specifically targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in pediatric patients are limited. We evaluated ongoing clinical trials using PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors alone or in combination with other therapies to treat pediatric cancer. The proportion of PD-1/PD-L1 combination clinical trials has increased since 2018; the three most common trials over the past 2 years used CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies, chemotherapy, and therapies that target the vascular endothelial growth factor axis. This commentary aimed to provide trends and specific insights into methods for conducting clinical trials of immunotherapy in the pediatric population.
与细胞毒性化疗、放疗和手术相比，通过抗体阻断程序性细胞死亡蛋白 1 (PD-1) 途径的方法取得了阳性发现，这些抗体对 PD-1 或细胞死亡蛋白配体 1 (PD-L1) 具有抑制作用。临床试验结果显示，该方法在成人癌症患者（如黑色素瘤、非小细胞癌和鼻咽癌）中具有巨大潜力。然而，针对儿童患者的 PD-1/PD-L1 检查点抑制剂的研究有限。我们评估了正在进行的临床试验，这些试验单独使用 PD-1 或 PD-L1 抑制剂或与其他疗法联合用于治疗儿科癌症。自 2018 年以来，PD-1/PD-L1 联合临床试验的比例有所增加；过去 2 年中，三种最常见的试验使用 CTLA-4 单克隆抗体、化疗和针对血管内皮生长因子轴的疗法。本评论旨在为儿科人群免疫疗法临床试验的方法提供趋势和具体见解。
