Jalal Md Jahid Ebn, Khan Md Akhtaruzzaman, Hossain Md Emran, Yedla Sudhakar, Alam G M Monirul
Programme Officer- Monitoring & Evaluation, WaterAid, Bangladesh.
Department of Agricultural Finance and Banking, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2021 Sep 14;7(9):e07990. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07990. eCollection 2021 Sep.
Bangladesh is one of the most climate-vulnerable countries globally, where the livelihood of agro-based dependent people became vulnerable due to different natural hazards, especially in the southern coastal part. This study investigates the influence of climate change on household vulnerability and income diversity, data collected from the climate-vulnerable coastal areas of Bangladesh. Both panel data regression and structural equation model were employed to examine the vulnerability status, whereas income diversity was measured through diversity index and "Type-66" livelihood strategy. Results reveal that sources of income have diversified over time. However, the study also reveals that climate change-especially the increase in salinity has affected crop production, resulting in increased income vulnerability of small and marginal farmers who are highly reliant on farm income. Moreover, findings reveal that climate change has influenced households to diversify into low-income sources that do not help to overcome their income vulnerability. Therefore, a cooperative land management system, establishment of embankment, training, and skill development programs are needed to generate feasible alternative income sources to improve the livelihood of coastal people.
孟加拉国是全球最易受气候影响的国家之一，在该国，依赖农业为生的人们的生计因各种自然灾害而变得脆弱，尤其是在南部沿海地区。本研究调查气候变化对家庭脆弱性和收入多样性的影响，数据收集自孟加拉国气候脆弱的沿海地区。采用面板数据回归和结构方程模型来检验脆弱性状况，而收入多样性则通过多样性指数和“66型”生计策略来衡量。结果显示，随着时间推移，收入来源已变得多样化。然而，研究还表明，气候变化——尤其是盐度上升——已影响作物生产，导致高度依赖农业收入的小农户和边际农户的收入脆弱性增加。此外，研究结果表明，气候变化已促使家庭转向低收入来源，而这无助于克服他们的收入脆弱性。因此，需要一个合作性的土地管理系统、堤坝建设、培训和技能发展项目，以创造可行的替代收入来源，改善沿海居民的生计。
