Aliyi Ibrahim, Faris Abduselam, Ayele Assefa, Oljirra Alemayehu, Bayessa Mulubrihan
Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2021 Sep 16;7(9):e08008. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08008. eCollection 2021 Sep.
Regardless of the fact that the vegetable crop is crucial for Ethiopia's economy, public research on vegetable crops was negligible, and limited attention has been given to the sector. The main objective of the study was to analyze profitability of vegetable production, market performance and identify major constraints of smallholder vegetables production, specifically potato, tomato and cabbage. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select 420 sample households randomly from nine , and 139 traders were selected purposively. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected from primary and secondary sources by using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, gross profit formula and structure-conduct-performance model was applied to analyze the data. The result of profitability analysis showed that potato, tomato and cabbage production in the study area was profitable. The result of structure analysis indicated that the market structure for potato, tomato and cabbage was characterized by weak oligopolistic market. The analysis of market conduct showed that the price of vegetables was determined by traders. Performance analysis demonstrated that the total gross marketing margin and profit margin was highest when producers sold vegetables to consumers and the lowest when they sold vegetables to collectors across the channel. Shortage of inputs, pests and diseases, lack of improved storage, post-harvest loss, brokers' interventions, low price of the product, poor transportation facility and information flow were the major constraints. Therefore, policy initiatives aiming at increasing farmers' access to quality vegetables inputs, strengthen vegetable extension services, improving infrastructure, disseminating reliable market information, reducing unfair profit distribution and increasing bargaining power of farmers to accelerate rural economic growth and poverty reduction. In addition, research institutes and universities should significantly contribute in releasing high yielding and disease resistant varieties to improve production and productivity of vegetables sector.
尽管蔬菜作物对埃塞俄比亚的经济至关重要，但对蔬菜作物的公共研究却微不足道，该领域受到的关注有限。本研究的主要目的是分析蔬菜生产的盈利能力、市场表现，并确定小农户蔬菜生产（特别是马铃薯、番茄和卷心菜）的主要制约因素。采用多阶段抽样程序从九个地区随机选取420个样本农户，并有意选取了139名贸易商。通过使用结构化问卷从主要和次要来源收集定性和定量数据。应用描述性统计、毛利润公式和结构-行为-绩效模型对数据进行分析。盈利能力分析结果表明，研究区域内的马铃薯、番茄和卷心菜生产是盈利的。结构分析结果表明，马铃薯、番茄和卷心菜的市场结构具有弱寡头垄断市场的特征。市场行为分析表明，蔬菜价格由贸易商决定。绩效分析表明，生产者将蔬菜销售给消费者时，总毛营销利润率和利润率最高，而通过渠道销售给收购商时则最低。投入短缺、病虫害、缺乏改良储存、收获后损失、经纪人干预、产品价格低、运输设施差和信息流不畅是主要制约因素。因此，政策举措应旨在增加农民获得优质蔬菜投入的机会、加强蔬菜推广服务、改善基础设施、传播可靠的市场信息、减少不公平的利润分配以及增强农民的议价能力，以加速农村经济增长和减贫。此外，研究机构和大学应大力致力于培育高产抗病品种，以提高蔬菜部门的产量和生产率。
