Department of Rural Development, Debre Markos University, Debre Marqos, Ethiopia.
Department of Agricultural Economics, Debre Markos University, Debre Marqos, Ethiopia.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2022 Aug 30;2022:1263079. doi: 10.1155/2022/1263079. eCollection 2022.
Ethiopia's oilseed industry makes a major contribution to foreign exchange revenues. Ethiopia's three main oilseed crops (sesame, soybean, and Niger seed) account for about 20% of the country's total agricultural export profits, second only to coffee. Even though Ethiopia is one of the world's largest producers and exporters of sesame seeds, the country is facing increasing supply and demand restrictions. This paper begins with an examination of one of the most prominent oil crops in the country. It is a highly adaptable crop that may be used for anything from subsistence to commercial output. We established a comprehensive scientific understanding of the crop using a systematic review of the current literature and deductive logical reasoning that can be used to inform future research and policies. Various exclusion and inclusion criteria were used to filter the most notable findings. Millions of growers and other market participants are employed throughout the oilseed value chain. Reduced sesame productivity, pests and diseases, and limited access to modern technologies are all severe supply-side constraints. On the demand side, traders and market distortion, as well as an artificially higher home price and the ease with which unskilled labor can enter the market, are all factors. Other demand-side constraints include worldwide price volatility, a highly concentrated export market, and intense global competition. Ethiopia's sesame seed development potential is being severely hampered by these restrictions. If farmers, dealers, and the government do not address these issues strategically, the country may soon lose its competitiveness in the global sesame seed market. This will contribute to Ethiopia's ongoing discussion about how to better inform private and public sector policies and investments to increase sesame production, transform agriculture, improve nutrition and food systems, and be able to ease supply- and demand-side restrictions. In a nutshell, an increased area under cultivation combined with best agronomic practices could boost sesame production. Farmers, policymakers, researchers, and other stakeholders must thus intervene to enhance sesame production. Future studies should concentrate on how to boost sesame output in farmers' fields while following appropriate sesame production technology and agronomic principles.
埃塞俄比亚的油籽产业对创汇做出了重大贡献。埃塞俄比亚的三种主要油籽作物（芝麻、大豆和尼日尔种子）占该国农业总出口利润的 20%左右，仅次于咖啡。尽管埃塞俄比亚是世界上最大的芝麻生产国和出口国之一，但该国正面临日益增加的供应和需求限制。本文首先考察了该国最主要的油籽作物之一。芝麻是一种适应性很强的作物，既可以用于自给自足，也可以用于商业生产。我们通过系统地回顾现有文献并进行演绎逻辑推理，对该作物进行了全面的科学理解，这可以为未来的研究和政策提供信息。使用了各种排除和纳入标准来筛选最显著的发现。在油籽价值链的各个环节，数以百万计的种植者和其他市场参与者都在从事相关工作。芝麻生产力下降、病虫害以及获取现代技术的机会有限等都是严重的供应方面的限制。在需求方面，贸易商和市场扭曲、国内价格人为偏高以及非熟练劳动力进入市场的便利性等都是因素。其他需求方面的限制因素包括全球价格波动、高度集中的出口市场以及激烈的全球竞争。这些限制因素严重阻碍了埃塞俄比亚芝麻的发展潜力。如果农民、交易商和政府不能从战略上解决这些问题，该国可能很快就会在全球芝麻市场失去竞争力。这将有助于埃塞俄比亚继续讨论如何更好地为私营和公共部门的政策和投资提供信息，以增加芝麻产量、改造农业、改善营养和粮食系统，并缓解供应和需求方面的限制。简而言之，增加种植面积并采用最佳农业实践可以提高芝麻产量。因此，农民、政策制定者、研究人员和其他利益攸关方必须采取干预措施来提高芝麻产量。未来的研究应集中于如何在遵循适当的芝麻生产技术和农业原则的情况下，提高农民田间的芝麻产量。
