Horner Dylan E, Sielaff Alex, Pyszczynski Tom, Greenberg Jeff
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA.
Psychol Health. 2023 May;38(5):647-666. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1982940. Epub 2021 Sep 29.
This pre-registered study was designed to test whether reminders of death and coronavirus would have similar or different effects on health behavior intentions concerning COVID-19 (e.g., mask wearing, social distancing) and whether the type of framing of these behaviors would moderate these effects.
The study utilized a 3 (threat: mortality salience vs. coronavirus reminder vs. control topic) x 3 (framing: autonomy-supportive vs. controlled vs. neutral) design. Measures of perceived threat of COVID-19, reactance proneness, and political orientation were included as individual differences.
Although the interaction between threat and framing conditions was not significant, the data revealed that (1) lower perceived threat of COVID-19 was associated with lower health behavior intentions to reduce the spread of the virus; (2) after an induction to express their thoughts and feelings about COVID-19, participants with low perceived threat of COVID-19 significantly increased their health intentions; (3) perceived threat of COVID-19 moderated the relationship between reactance proneness and health intentions, such that those high in reactance proneness reported lower intentions unless they had high perceptions of threat; and (4) politically conservative participants reported lower intentions to engage in healthy behaviors, and this relationship was mediated by their lower perceived threat of COVID-19.
这项预先注册的研究旨在测试死亡提醒和新冠病毒提醒对与新冠疫情相关的健康行为意图（如佩戴口罩、保持社交距离）是否会产生相似或不同的影响，以及这些行为的框架类型是否会调节这些影响。
该研究采用了一个3（威胁：死亡凸显性与新冠病毒提醒与对照主题）×3（框架：自主支持型与控制型与中立型）的设计。将对新冠疫情的感知威胁、反抗倾向和政治倾向的测量作为个体差异纳入研究。
尽管威胁和框架条件之间的交互作用不显著，但数据显示：（1）对新冠疫情较低的感知威胁与降低病毒传播的健康行为意图较低相关；（2）在诱导参与者表达他们对新冠疫情的想法和感受后，对新冠疫情感知威胁较低的参与者显著提高了他们的健康意图；（3）对新冠疫情的感知威胁调节了反抗倾向与健康意图之间的关系，即反抗倾向高的人报告的意图较低，除非他们有较高的威胁感知；（4）政治保守的参与者报告的参与健康行为的意图较低，这种关系由他们对新冠疫情较低的感知威胁介导。
