Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Clinical Studies Sweden, Forum South, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Infect Dis (Lond). 2022 Feb;54(2):128-133. doi: 10.1080/23744235.2021.1982144. Epub 2021 Sep 29.
Vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 needs to be assessed in diverse real-world population settings.
A cohort study of 805,741 residents in Skåne county, Southern Sweden, aged 18-64 years, of whom 26,587 received at least one dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Incidence rates of COVID-19 were estimated in sex- and age-adjusted analysis and stratified in two-week periods with substantial community spread of the disease.
The estimated vaccine effectiveness in preventing infection ≥7 days after second dose was 86% (95% CI 72-94%) but only 42% (95% CI 14-63%) ≥14 days after a single dose. No difference in vaccine effectiveness was observed between females and males. Having a prior positive test was associated with 91% (95% CI 85-94%) effectiveness against new infection among the unvaccinated.
A satisfactory effectiveness of BNT162b2 after the second dose was suggested, but with possibly substantially lower effect before the second dose.
需要在不同的真实人群环境中评估 COVID-19 疫苗的有效性。
在瑞典南部斯科讷县对 805741 名年龄在 18-64 岁的居民进行了一项队列研究，其中 26587 人至少接种了一剂 BNT162b2 疫苗。在性别和年龄调整分析中估计了 COVID-19 的发病率，并按疾病在社区中广泛传播的两周期分层。
第二剂后 7 天以上预防感染的估计疫苗有效性为 86%（95%CI72-94%），但单剂后 14 天以上仅为 42%（95%CI14-63%）。女性和男性之间的疫苗有效性没有差异。未接种疫苗者中，先前阳性检测结果与新感染的 91%（95%CI85-94%）有效性相关。
第二剂后 BNT162b2 的有效性令人满意，但第二剂前的效果可能要低得多。
