Sallam Marwa A, Prakash Supriya, Kumbhojkar Ninad, Shields Charles Wyatt, Mitragotri Samir
John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA.
Present address: Department of Industrial Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University Egypt.
Bioeng Transl Med. 2021 May 4;6(3):e10215. doi: 10.1002/btm2.10215. eCollection 2021 Sep.
A growing variety of biological macromolecules are in development for use as active ingredients in topical therapies and vaccines. Dermal delivery of biomacromolecules offers several advantages compared to other delivery methods, including improved targetability, reduced systemic toxicity, and decreased degradation of drugs. However, this route of delivery is hampered by the barrier function of the skin. Recently, a large body of research has been directed toward improving the delivery of macromolecules to the skin, ranging from nucleic acids (NAs) to antigens, using noninvasive means. In this review, we discuss the latest formulation-based efforts to deliver antigens and NAs for vaccination and treatment of skin diseases. We provide a perspective of their advantages, limitations, and potential for clinical translation. The delivery platforms discussed in this review may provide formulation scientists and clinicians with a better vision of the alternatives for dermal delivery of biomacromolecules, which may facilitate the development of new patient-friendly prophylactic and therapeutic medicines.
越来越多的生物大分子正在开发中，用作局部治疗和疫苗的活性成分。与其他给药方法相比，生物大分子的经皮给药具有几个优点，包括提高靶向性、降低全身毒性和减少药物降解。然而，这种给药途径受到皮肤屏障功能的阻碍。最近，大量研究致力于使用非侵入性手段改善大分子向皮肤的递送，范围从核酸（NAs）到抗原。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了基于最新制剂的努力，以递送抗原和核酸用于疫苗接种和皮肤病治疗。我们提供了它们的优点、局限性以及临床转化潜力的观点。本综述中讨论的递送平台可能为制剂科学家和临床医生提供关于生物大分子经皮递送替代方案的更好愿景，这可能有助于开发新的患者友好型预防和治疗药物。
