Penedo M A, Rivera-Baltanás T, Pérez-Rodríguez D, Allen J, Borrajo A, Alonso-Crespo D, Fernández-Pereira C, Nieto-Araujo M, Ramos-García S, Barreiro-Villar C, Caruncho H J, Olivares J M, Agís-Balboa R C
Translational Neuroscience Group-CIBERSAM, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain.
Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
Brain Behav Immun Health. 2021 Jan 7;12:100199. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100199. eCollection 2021 Mar.
Dopamine and its 5 receptors, which are grouped into two families (D1-like and D2-like), modulate functions at a systemic level in both the central nervous system and periphery. The central nervous system and the immune system are the main adaptive systems, which participate in a continuous and functional crosstalk to guarantee homeostasis. On binding to its 5 dopamine receptors, dopamine acts as a co-regulator of the immune system, contributing to the interaction of the central nervous system and inflammatory events and as a source of communication between the different immune cells. Dopaminergic perturbations in the central nervous system are observed in several neurological and psychiatric disorders. Schizophrenia is one of the most common mental disorders with a poorly understood pathoaetiology that includes genetic and environmental components that promote alterations in the dopaminergic system. Interestingly, abnormalities in dopamine receptors expression in lymphocytes of schizophrenia patients have been reported, often significantly correlating with the severity of the psychotic illness. Here, we review the current literature regarding the dopaminergic system in human lymphocytes and its alterations in schizophrenia.
多巴胺及其5种受体分为两个家族（D1样和D2样），在中枢神经系统和外周的系统水平上调节功能。中枢神经系统和免疫系统是主要的适应性系统，它们参与持续的功能性相互作用以确保体内平衡。多巴胺与其5种多巴胺受体结合后，作为免疫系统的共同调节因子发挥作用，促进中枢神经系统与炎症事件的相互作用，并作为不同免疫细胞之间的通讯来源。在几种神经和精神疾病中都观察到中枢神经系统中的多巴胺能扰动。精神分裂症是最常见的精神疾病之一，其病理病因尚不清楚，包括促进多巴胺能系统改变的遗传和环境因素。有趣的是，已有报道称精神分裂症患者淋巴细胞中多巴胺受体表达异常，且常常与精神病的严重程度显著相关。在此，我们综述了有关人类淋巴细胞中多巴胺能系统及其在精神分裂症中的改变的当前文献。
