Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil.
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Campus de Jequié, Jequié, BA, 45205-490, Brazil.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2022 Jul;200(7):3388-3399. doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02930-9. Epub 2021 Sep 29.
Histopathologies are widely recognized as biomarkers of environmental pollution. In this sense, we evaluated the putative relationship of gill histopathologies and distinct ecological impacts in two regions of Todos os Santos Bay (BTS), Brazil, the largest bay in Northeastern Brazil, South Atlantic. We compared the presence and concentration of metals (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) in water, sediments, and gills and gill histopathologies of a demersal fish (Diapterus rhombeus) and a benthic fish (Ogcocephalus vespertilio). As expected, fish and sediment samples from historically contaminated areas (Aratu) showed more remarkable traces of metals than apparently low-impact areas (Jaguaripe). Likewise, the DTC (degree of tissue change) index and the volume densities were higher in fish caught in Aratu. In addition, the Diapterus rhombeus species showed more potential than Ogcocephalus vespertilio for risk assessment as it showed more responses to the environment reflected on more histopathologies. These data support the effectiveness of incorporating functional gill morphology to monitor impacts on estuarine biota that can be used as a reference to improve the management of ecosystems and prevent harm to human health.
组织病理学被广泛认为是环境污染的生物标志物。在这个意义上，我们评估了两个位于巴西托多斯桑托斯湾（BTS）地区的鳃组织病理学和不同生态影响之间的假定关系，BTS 是巴西东北部、南大西洋最大的海湾。我们比较了底栖鱼类（Diapterus rhombeus）和底栖鱼类（Ogcocephalus vespertilio）的鳃、水和沉积物中金属（Al、As、Ba、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、V 和 Zn）的存在和浓度。正如预期的那样，历史上受污染地区（Aratu）的鱼类和沉积物样本显示出比明显低影响地区（Jaguaripe）更多显著的金属痕迹。同样，在 Aratu 捕获的鱼类中，DTC（组织变化程度）指数和体积密度更高。此外，Diapterus rhombeus 物种比 Ogcocephalus vespertilio 更能评估风险，因为它对环境的反应更多，表现在更多的组织病理学上。这些数据支持将功能鳃形态学纳入监测对河口生物群影响的有效性，这可以作为改善生态系统管理和预防对人类健康危害的参考。
