Controlled Asymmetric Charge Distribution of Active Centers in Conjugated Polymers for Oxygen Reduction.

Active center reconstruction is essential for high performance oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts. Usually, the ORR activity stems from the electronic environment of active sites by charge redistribution. We introduce an asymmetry strategy to adjust the charge distribution of active centers by designing conjugated polymer (CP) catalysts with different degrees of asymmetry. We synthesized asymmetric backbone CP (asy-PB) by modifying B←N coordination bonds and asymmetric sidechain CP (asy-PB-A) with different alkyl chain lengths. Both CPs with backbone and sidechain asymmetry exhibit superior ORR performance to their symmetric counterparts (sy-P and sy-PB). The asy-PB with greater asymmetry shows higher catalytic activity than asy-PB-A with relatively smaller asymmetry. DFT calculations reveal that the increased dipole moment and non-uniform charge distribution caused by asymmetric structure endows the center carbon atom of bipyridine with efficient catalytic activity.