Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory of Wisconsin, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Vet Ophthalmol. 2022 Mar;25(2):128-139. doi: 10.1111/vop.12942. Epub 2021 Sep 29.
Investigate histopathology and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of wild owls with chorioretinitis and identify any potential correlation with an infectious etiology.
Ophthalmic examination and retinal OCT imaging were performed on fifteen great horned (Strix varia) and barred (Bubo virginianus) owls (30 eyes) with chorioretinitis and five owls with normal eyes (10 eyes). Testing to investigate the presence of potential infectious diseases included a complete blood count, biochemistry, protein electrophoresis, West Nile virus (WNV) plaque reduction neutralization test, Toxoplasma gondii modified direct agglutination test, WNV RT-PCR, and Avian Influenza RT-PCR. A necropsy was performed on all owls, including ocular histopathology.
Fundus lesions included retinal detachment (7/15 owls), depigmented lesions (12/15), pigment clumping (8/15), and retinal tear (4/15). All birds were negative for WNV and Avian Influenza on RT-PCR. Of the owls with chorioretinitis, 3/15 were seropositive for WNV and 7/15 for T. gondii. Optical coherence tomography of 25/30 affected eyes revealed outer retinal lesions (19/25 eyes), retinal detachment (16/25), and retinal tears (3/25). Histopathological examination revealed outer nuclear layer atrophy (19/30 eyes), retinal detachment (18/30), retinal tears (7/30), suprachoroidal hemorrhage (12/30), scleral rupture (3/30), and ossicle fracture (3/30).
Although 20% of birds were seropositive for WNV and 46.6% for T. gondii, histopathologic findings supported that the posterior segment lesions in the study group were likely due to blunt ocular trauma rather than an infectious etiology. The results of OCT imaging and histopathology documented retinal changes most consistent with blunt ocular trauma.
研究患有视网膜炎的野生猫头鹰的组织病理学和谱域光相干断层扫描（OCT）成像，并确定与感染病因的任何潜在相关性。
对 15 只大角鸮（Strix varia）和 barred 鸮（Bubo virginianus）（30 只眼）和 5 只正常眼的猫头鹰（10 只眼）进行眼部检查和视网膜 OCT 成像。为了调查潜在传染病的存在，进行了全面的血液检查、生物化学、蛋白质电泳、西尼罗河病毒（WNV）斑块减少中和试验、刚地弓形虫改良直接凝集试验、WNV RT-PCR 和禽流感 RT-PCR。对所有猫头鹰进行了尸检，包括眼部组织病理学检查。
眼底病变包括视网膜脱离（7/15 只猫头鹰）、色素减退病变（12/15 只）、色素团块（8/15 只）和视网膜撕裂（4/15 只）。所有鸟类的 WNV 和禽流感 RT-PCR 均为阴性。在患有视网膜炎的猫头鹰中，3/15 只对 WNV 呈血清阳性，7/15 只对 T. gondii 呈血清阳性。25/30 只受影响眼睛的 OCT 发现外视网膜病变（19/25 只眼睛）、视网膜脱离（16/25 只）和视网膜撕裂（3/25 只）。组织病理学检查显示外核层萎缩（19/30 只眼睛）、视网膜脱离（18/30 只）、视网膜撕裂（7/30 只）、脉络膜下出血（12/30 只）、巩膜破裂（3/30 只）和听小骨骨折（3/30 只）。
尽管 20%的鸟类对 WNV 呈血清阳性，46.6%对 T. gondii 呈血清阳性，但组织病理学发现支持研究组的后段病变很可能是由于钝性眼外伤而不是感染病因引起的。OCT 成像和组织病理学的结果记录了最符合钝性眼外伤的视网膜变化。
