Adelaide Nursing School, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
UniSA Business, University of South Australia, City West Campus, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2021 Dec;124:104069. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.104069. Epub 2021 Aug 21.
Responding to legal medically assisted dying requests may become the most frequent form of nurses' participation in that service. Recent research has explored nurses' discrete responses to requests about or for assisted dying; however, nurses likely hold intentions for multiple responses to these requests. These intentions form patterns shaped by individual factors such as attitude and beliefs. No research has investigated patterns of multiple responses to requests for assisted dying, how these patterns form profiles of nurses and factors that might explain these response profiles.
Identify patterns of multiple responses that nurses intend for requests for assisted dying. Explore how these patterns form profiles of nurses' who share similar patterns of intended responses. Finally, investigate how attitude, norms and beliefs distinguish response profiles.
Cross-sectional survey SETTINGS: Online survey of Australian nurses PARTICIPANTS: 365 experienced registered nurses (years in nursing mean = 23, SD = 14.21) working primarily with adults across various practice settings.
Principal components analysis identified five types of intended responses. K-means cluster analysis was then used to develop profiles of nurses' intended responses across these five responses. Multinomial logit regression was utilised to examine psychosocial variables that distinguished different profiles RESULTS: Cluster analysis resulted in five profiles that reflect different patterns of intended responses by nurses - Facilitator, Complier, Expediter, Objector, and Detached. Logit regressions of explanatory variables indicated that nurses' attitude toward assisted dying, ethical beliefs, and social norms predicted nurses' membership in intended response profiles. The overall model was statistically significant, χ(20) = 106.527, p < .001, and the predictors accounted for 25.3% of the variance in the profiles (Cox and Snell test: Pseudo R = 0.253).
Nurses intended responses have been usefully constructed as five patterns or profiles of multiple responses. These profiles represent different types and levels of engagement with requests. Further, attitude and social expectations distinguish profiles with stronger intentions to engage positively. Using a cluster analysis methodology provides a more holistic understanding of nurses' intended responses to assisted dying requests by focusing on various responses and demonstrating that nurses have distinctive patterns of responses.
回应合法的医疗协助死亡请求可能成为护士参与该服务的最常见形式。最近的研究探讨了护士对协助死亡请求的具体回应；然而，护士可能对这些请求有多种回应意向。这些意向形成的模式受到个人因素的影响，如态度和信念。目前还没有研究调查护士对协助死亡请求的多种回应模式，也没有研究这些模式如何形成具有相似意向回应模式的护士群体，以及可能解释这些回应模式的因素。
确定护士对协助死亡请求的多种回应意向模式。探讨这些模式如何形成具有相似意向回应模式的护士群体。最后，调查态度、规范和信念如何区分回应模式。
横断面调查
澳大利亚护士在线调查
365 名有经验的注册护士（护理年限均值为 23 岁，标准差为 14.21 岁），主要在各种实践环境中为成人提供服务。
主成分分析确定了五种类型的意向回应。然后使用 K 均值聚类分析来确定护士在这五种回应中的意向回应模式。采用多项逻辑回归分析检验区分不同模式的心理社会变量。
聚类分析产生了五个反映护士不同意向回应模式的群体——促进者、遵从者、加速者、反对者和冷漠者。对解释变量的逻辑回归表明，护士对协助死亡的态度、伦理信念和社会规范预测了护士在意向回应模式中的成员身份。整个模型具有统计学意义，χ(20)=106.527，p<0.001，预测变量解释了模式差异的 25.3%（Cox 和 Snell 检验：伪 R=0.253）。
护士的意向回应已被构建为五种模式或多种回应的模式。这些模式代表了与请求不同类型和程度的参与。此外，态度和社会期望区分了具有更积极参与意向的模式。使用聚类分析方法通过关注各种回应并展示护士具有独特的回应模式，更全面地了解护士对协助死亡请求的意向回应。
