Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Br J Cancer. 2021 Dec;125(12):1726-1733. doi: 10.1038/s41416-021-01556-x. Epub 2021 Sep 30.
National dietary guidelines contribute to primary prevention of a wide range of diseases. Yet, the importance of adhering to the Danish dietary guidelines for colorectal cancer prevention is unclear.
We used the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort (n = 55,744) to investigate adherence to the Danish dietary guidelines and the risk of colorectal cancer. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for colorectal cancer and subtypes across the Danish Dietary Guidelines Index score (ranging 0-6 points, 6 being the greatest adherence). Effect modification by BMI was explored on multiplicative and additive scales.
During a median follow-up of 18.9 years, 1030 men and 849 women developed colorectal cancer. Higher index scores were associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer (HR 0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53, 0.84, highest (≥5) versus lowest index score (<3 points) group). Similar inverse associations were observed between index scores and colon cancer. The risk difference was -0.8% (95% CI: -1.6, -0.1) among the overweight/obese group and 0.1% (95% CI: -0.7, 1.0) in the normal weight group for high compared to low adherence.
Adherence to the Danish Dietary Guidelines was associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer, particularly among people with overweight/obesity.
国家饮食指南有助于预防多种疾病。然而，坚持丹麦饮食指南预防结直肠癌的重要性尚不清楚。
我们使用丹麦饮食、癌症和健康队列（n=55744）来研究对丹麦饮食指南的依从性与结直肠癌风险之间的关系。使用 Cox 比例风险模型估计结直肠癌和亚型的风险比（HR），并按丹麦饮食指南指数评分（范围 0-6 分，6 分为最高依从性）进行划分。还探索了 BMI 的乘法和加法效应修饰作用。
在中位数为 18.9 年的随访期间，1030 名男性和 849 名女性发生了结直肠癌。较高的指数评分与结直肠癌风险降低相关（HR 0.66；95%置信区间 0.53-0.84，最高（≥5）与最低指数评分（<3 分）组）。指数评分与结肠癌之间也观察到类似的反比关系。在超重/肥胖组中，高依从性与低依从性相比，风险差异为-0.8%（95%置信区间：-1.6，-0.1），而在正常体重组中为 0.1%（95%置信区间：-0.7，1.0）。
遵守丹麦饮食指南与结直肠癌风险降低相关，尤其是在超重/肥胖人群中。
