Grupo Ecología de Organismos (GEO-UPTC), Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Av. Central del Norte, 39-115, 150003, Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021 Oct 1;53(5):493. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02944-4.
Proper health management is essential for productivity in duck farming. However, there is limited information on the effect of management conditions on rates of metabolic problems and parasitic infections in anatids. We evaluated the rates of metabolic syndromes and gastrointestinal parasite involvement in Muscovy ducks up to 12 weeks of age, under 3 management conditions: backyard, organized, and organized with probiotics. Individuals under organized management developed 2 metabolic problems: ascites, which was rare (3.5%), fatal, and affected both males and females, and angel wing syndrome, which was more frequent (10.6%), has low impact on general health, and only affected males. The treatments do not have a significant effect on the development of ascites, but only individuals in controlled conditions presented this syndrome, and due to its low prevalence, further studies with a larger sample size are required. The risk of angel wing syndrome increased significantly with probiotic supplementation. Regarding to parasitic infection, the improvement of sanitary management and the use of probiotics supplementation reduced the occurrence of coccidiosis. Similarly organized management with probiotic supplementation showed a protective effect on helminthiasis by reducing the frequency of Heterakis gallinarum and greatly reducing the helminth egg load. Coccidiosis and helminthiasis infections were not significantly correlated with the final weight of the ducks. Therefore, organized management and the use of probiotics seems to reduce the impact of parasitic infection, although it increases the risk of developing metabolic syndrome.
对养鸭业来说，进行适当的健康管理对提高生产力至关重要。然而，关于管理条件对鸭类代谢问题和寄生虫感染率的影响，相关信息有限。我们评估了在 3 种管理条件下（后院、有组织和有组织并添加益生菌），12 周龄以下麝香鸭的代谢综合征和胃肠道寄生虫感染率：组织管理下的个体出现了 2 种代谢问题：腹水，这是一种罕见的（3.5%）、致命的疾病，影响雌雄两性；还有天使翅膀综合征，这种疾病更为常见（10.6%），对整体健康的影响较低，仅影响雄性。益生菌治疗对腹水的发展没有显著影响，但只有在受控条件下的个体才会出现这种综合征，而且由于其低流行率，需要进一步进行更大样本量的研究。天使翅膀综合征的风险随着益生菌的补充而显著增加。关于寄生虫感染，改善卫生管理和使用益生菌补充剂可降低球虫病的发生。同样，添加益生菌的有组织管理对寄生虫病也具有保护作用，降低了鸡异刺线虫的发病率，并大大降低了寄生虫卵的负荷。球虫病和寄生虫病感染与鸭子的最终体重没有显著相关性。因此，有组织的管理和益生菌的使用似乎可以降低寄生虫感染的影响，尽管这会增加代谢综合征的风险。
