School of Public Health, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lagenkhel, Lalitpur, Nepal.
J Nepal Health Res Counc. 2021 Sep 6;19(2):288-294. doi: 10.33314/jnhrc.v19i2.3431.
Psychoactive substance use among Bachelor level students have different risk and protective biological, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and sociocultural factors. This study was conducted with the aim to explore the factors affecting psychoactive substance use among Bachelor level students of Nepalgunj sub-metropolitan city.
A qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted among Bachelor level students from different streams of Nepalgunj sub-metropolitan city. Pre-validated Interview Guidelines was used for 13 In-depth Interviews with Bachelor level students from different streams using psychoactive substances and 12 Key Informant Interviews with parents/guardians and teachers of some of the selected students. Deductive thematic analysis based on Domain model was done to explore the risk and protective factors for psychoactive substance use.
The study identified different risk and protective factors affecting psychoactive substance use within each biological, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and sociocultural domain. Major risk factors identified were adolescence and teenage, male sex, curiosity and experimentation, use for fun, to relieve or cope stress/tension, inadequate awareness, peer influence and pressure, use of psychoactive substances in family, availability, advertisements, social acceptance, and lack of strict rules and regulations. Major protective factors identified were adequate awareness, negative perception, self-motivation, lack of free time/leisure, mentality/state of mind, personal responsibilities, guidance from family, negative perception of society, and reputation.
Increasing awareness, developing positive attitudes, reducing social acceptance, and implementation of strict rules and regulations may help minimize and/or eliminate psychoactive substance use by Bachelor level students.
大学生群体中存在使用精神活性物质的现象，这与多种生物学、个体内部、人际间以及社会文化因素有关。本研究旨在探讨尼泊尔根杰次都市区大学生使用精神活性物质的影响因素。
采用定性交叉研究方法，在尼泊尔根杰次都市区不同专业的大学生中开展。使用经过预验证的访谈指南，对 13 名使用精神活性物质的大学生进行深入访谈，并对其中部分学生的家长/监护人以及教师进行 12 次关键知情人访谈。采用基于领域模型的演绎主题分析法来探讨精神活性物质使用的风险和保护因素。
研究在每个生物、个体内部、人际间和社会文化领域内确定了影响精神活性物质使用的不同风险和保护因素。主要风险因素包括青春期和青少年时期、男性、好奇心和尝试、为了娱乐、缓解或应对压力/紧张、意识不足、同伴影响和压力、家庭中使用精神活性物质、易获取、广告、社会认可、缺乏严格的规章制度。主要保护因素包括意识充足、负面认知、自我激励、缺乏闲暇时间/娱乐、心态/心境、个人责任、家庭指导、社会负面认知和声誉。
提高意识、培养积极态度、降低社会认可度以及实施严格的规章制度，可能有助于减少和/或消除大学生使用精神活性物质的现象。
