Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Florestal/DCF, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-000, Brazil.
Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciência Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Campus JK, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Feb;29(10):14195-14205. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16761-7. Epub 2021 Oct 3.
Pteridium aquilinum (Dennstaedtiaceae) colonization affects ecological and restoration processes. The knowledge of the impacts on the ecological succession by this species allows the use of restoration strategies in invaded environments. This work aimed to evaluate the floristic composition, diversity, structure, density, basal area, height, and diameter of natural regeneration in three areas of the Atlantic Forest in the Serra do Espinhaço Biosphere Reserve in an area invaded by P. aquilinum after a fire. Three environments with different coverage intensities by P. aquilinum were studied, and the plants over 10 cm in height or 5 cm in canopy diameter were measured. The floristic composition and diversity were analyzed using indices presented by Chao, Fisher, Margalef, Pielou, Shannon-Weaver, and Simpson, and similarity was evaluated by the Jaccard index. Species density, basal area, height, and canopy diameter classes were also evaluated. The floristic composition, diversity, structure of natural regeneration, density, and basal area were higher in post-fire areas with a lower coverage by P. aquilinum. The topsoil coverage with plant litter and the possible effect of P. aquilinum allelopathy probably reduced the species richness and diversity. The proportion of plants from the lowest height and canopy diameter classes was higher under moderate coverage by P. aquilinum. The reduction in the floristic composition, diversity, number of species, and basal area in post-fire areas colonized by P. aquilinum is probably due to this species aggressiveness. The population of this plant is high, accumulating large quantities of plant litter as a physical barrier preventing light and propagules from reaching the soil, reducing the germination of the seed bank and, consequently, the natural regeneration. The floristic composition, diversity, structure of natural regeneration, density, and basal area were lower in areas with higher coverage by P. aquilinum. The proportion of plants in the most significant height and canopy diameter classes was higher with reduced coverage by P. aquilinum. The P. aquilinum reduced forest succession in areas after a fire.
水龙骨科蕨（凤尾蕨科）的定殖会影响生态和恢复过程。了解该物种对生态演替的影响，可以在受其入侵的环境中使用恢复策略。本研究旨在评估火后被水龙骨科蕨入侵的大西洋森林生态系统中，三个地区的植物种类组成、多样性、结构、密度、基面积、高度和直径的天然更新情况。研究了三个不同水龙骨科蕨覆盖强度的环境，并测量了高于 10 厘米的植物或高于 5 厘米的冠层直径的植物。使用 Chao、Fisher、Margalef、Pielou、Shannon-Weaver 和 Simpson 提出的指数分析了植物的种类组成和多样性，并通过 Jaccard 指数评估了相似性。还评估了物种密度、基面积、高度和冠层直径等级。在水龙骨科蕨覆盖度较低的火后地区，天然更新的植物种类组成、多样性、结构、密度和基面积较高。表土中植物凋落物的覆盖以及水龙骨科蕨的可能化感作用可能降低了物种丰富度和多样性。在水龙骨科蕨中度覆盖的情况下，较低高度和冠层直径等级的植物比例较高。火后被水龙骨科蕨定殖的地区，由于该物种的侵略性，植物的种类组成、多样性、物种数量和基面积减少。该植物种群密度较高，积累了大量植物凋落物，作为阻止光和繁殖体到达土壤的物理障碍，减少了种子库的萌发，从而减少了天然更新。水龙骨科蕨覆盖度较高的地区，植物的种类组成、多样性、结构、密度和基面积较低。水龙骨科蕨覆盖度降低的地区，较高高度和冠层直径等级的植物比例较高。水龙骨科蕨在火后地区减缓了森林演替。
