Zhang Jun, Xing Pengcheng, Niu Mengyu, Wei Gehong, Shi Peng
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Sep 17;12:738129. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.738129. eCollection 2021.
As the main consumers of bacteria and fungi in farmed soils, protists remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore protist community assembly and ecological roles in soybean fields. Here, we investigated differences in protist communities using high-throughput sequencing and their inferred potential interactions with bacteria and fungi between the bulk soil and rhizosphere compartments of three soybean cultivars collected from six ecological regions in China. Distinct protist community structures characterized the bulk soil and rhizosphere of soybean plants. A significantly higher relative abundance of phagotrophs was observed in the rhizosphere (25.1%) than in the bulk soil (11.3%). Spatial location ( = 0.37-0.51) explained more of the variation in protist community structures of soybean fields than either the compartment ( = 0.08-0.09) or cultivar type ( = 0.02-0.03). The rhizosphere protist network (76 nodes and 414 edges) was smaller and less complex than the bulk soil network (147 nodes and 880 edges), indicating a smaller potential of niche overlap and interactions in the rhizosphere due to the increased resources in the rhizosphere. Furthermore, more inferred potential predator-prey interactions occur in the rhizosphere. We conclude that protists have a crucial ecological role to play as an integral part of microbial co-occurrence networks in soybean fields.
作为农田土壤中细菌和真菌的主要消费者，原生生物仍未得到充分了解。本研究的目的是探索大豆田中原生生物群落的组装及其生态作用。在这里，我们使用高通量测序研究了原生生物群落的差异，以及从中国六个生态区域收集的三个大豆品种的大土壤和根际区域中原生生物与细菌和真菌之间潜在的相互作用。不同的原生生物群落结构表征了大豆植株的大土壤和根际。在根际中观察到吞噬营养生物的相对丰度（25.1%）显著高于大土壤（11.3%）。空间位置（R2 = 0.37 - 0.51）比隔室（R2 = 0.08 - 0.09）或品种类型（R2 = 0.02 - 0.03）更能解释大豆田原生生物群落结构的变化。根际原生生物网络（76个节点和414条边）比大土壤网络（147个节点和880条边）更小且更简单，这表明由于根际资源增加，根际中生态位重叠和相互作用的潜力较小。此外，根际中发生了更多推断的潜在捕食者 - 猎物相互作用。我们得出结论，原生生物作为大豆田微生物共生网络的一个组成部分，具有至关重要的生态作用。
