Liu Xiaoyu, Xu Pan, Zhang Jieling, Hu Xinyu, Hou Qing, Lin Xiaodong, Zheng Mingsen, Dong Quanfeng
Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
Small. 2021 Nov;17(45):e2102016. doi: 10.1002/smll.202102016. Epub 2021 Oct 4.
As a favorable candidate for the next-generation anode materials, metallic lithium is faced with two crucial problems: uncontrollable lithium plating/stripping process and huge volume expansion during cycling. Herein, a 3D lithiophilic skeleton modified with nanoscale Bi sheets (Ni@Bi Foam, i.e., NBF) through one-step facile substitution reaction is constructed. Benefiting from the nanoscale modification, smooth and dense lithiophilic Li Bi layer is in situ formed, which improves the uniform deposition of Li subsequently. Meanwhile, the 3D structure inhibits the growth of Li dendrites effectively by reducing local areal current density. Consequently, the NBF exhibits outstanding cycling stability with a high average Coulombic efficiency of 98.46% at 1 mA cm with 1 mAh cm (>500 cycles). Symmetrical cell with NBF exhibits a high reversibility at 1 mA cm with 1 mAh cm (>2000 h). Moreover, superior long-term cycling and rate performance of NBF@Li anode are also acquired when assembled with high areal loading of LiFePO (10.1 mg cm ) cathode (Negative/Positive ratio: 2.91). Even in anode-free metal lithium batteries, NBF has higher capacity during cycling compared with NF. To conclude, NBF shows excellent electrochemical performance and provides an idea of facile preparation method which can be extend to other metal batteries.
作为下一代负极材料的理想候选者，金属锂面临两个关键问题：锂的电镀/剥离过程不可控以及循环过程中的巨大体积膨胀。在此，通过一步简便的置换反应构建了一种用纳米级铋片修饰的三维亲锂骨架（Ni@Bi泡沫，即NBF）。受益于纳米级修饰，原位形成了光滑致密的亲锂Li Bi层，这随后改善了锂的均匀沉积。同时，三维结构通过降低局部面电流密度有效地抑制了锂枝晶的生长。因此，NBF在1 mA cm 、1 mAh cm （>500次循环）下表现出出色的循环稳定性，平均库仑效率高达98.46%。具有NBF的对称电池在1 mA cm 、1 mAh cm （>2000小时）下表现出高可逆性。此外，当与高面负载的LiFePO （10.1 mg cm ）阴极组装时（负/正比率：2.91），NBF@Li负极也具有优异的长期循环和倍率性能。即使在无负极金属锂电池中，与NF相比，NBF在循环过程中也具有更高的容量。总之，NBF表现出优异的电化学性能，并提供了一种简便的制备方法思路，该方法可扩展到其他金属电池。
