母乳喂养对患有既往妊娠糖尿病的女性及其子女心血管危险因素的保护作用：系统评价和荟萃分析。

Protective Influence of Breastfeeding on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Women With Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Their Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

机构信息

Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.

Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.

出版信息

J Hum Lact. 2022 Aug;38(3):501-512. doi: 10.1177/08903344211034779. Epub 2021 Oct 5.

DOI:10.1177/08903344211034779

PMID:34609211

Abstract

BACKGROUND

There is evidence that breastfeeding may provide protection against cardiovascular risk factors in mothers with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus and their children who were exposed in utero.

RESEARCH AIM

To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to ascertain the effects of breastfeeding on cardiovascular risk factors in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus and their children exposed in utero.

METHODS

Studies assessing conventional cardiovascular risk factors in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus and children exposed in utero stratified by breastfeeding/no breastfeeding or breastfed/not breastfed were included. Gestational diabetes mellitus was defined based on the International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group definition or previous accepted definitions. Breastfeeding was defined as reported in each study.

RESULTS

The literature search yielded 260 titles, of which 17 studies were selected to be in the review. Women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus who did not breastfeed had higher blood glucose (: 0.32, 95% CI [0.12, 0.53]) and a greater risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus (: 2.08 95% CI [1.44, 3.00]) compared to women with no history. There were not enough studies to conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of breastfeeding on risk factors for cardiovascular disease among children exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus in utero.

CONCLUSION

Breastfeeding appears to be protective against cardiovascular risk factors among women who experience gestational diabetes mellitus.

摘要

背景

有证据表明，母乳喂养可能为有妊娠期糖尿病病史的母亲及其宫内暴露的子女提供心血管危险因素保护。

目的

对观察性研究进行系统评价和荟萃分析，以确定母乳喂养对既往患有妊娠期糖尿病的女性及其宫内暴露的子女心血管危险因素的影响。

方法

纳入评估既往患有妊娠期糖尿病的女性及其宫内暴露的子女常规心血管危险因素的研究，这些研究按母乳喂养/无母乳喂养或母乳喂养/未母乳喂养进行分层。妊娠期糖尿病的定义基于国际妊娠糖尿病协会研究组的定义或以前公认的定义。母乳喂养的定义如每个研究报告的那样。

结果

文献检索产生了 260 个标题，其中有 17 项研究被纳入综述。与无病史的女性相比，未进行母乳喂养的既往患有妊娠期糖尿病的女性血糖更高（: 0.32，95%CI [0.12, 0.53]），发生 2 型糖尿病的风险更高（: 2.08 95%CI [1.44, 3.00]）。没有足够的研究来进行荟萃分析，以确定母乳喂养对宫内暴露于妊娠期糖尿病的子女心血管疾病风险因素的影响。