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2019 年美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群对 HIV 暴露前预防措施的认识和向提供者的转介情况。

HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Awareness and Referral to Providers Among Hispanic/Latino Persons - United States, 2019.

机构信息

Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC.

出版信息

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Oct 8;70(40):1395-1400. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7040a1.

Abstract

Hispanic or Latino* (Hispanic) persons are disproportionately affected by HIV in the United States. In 2019, Hispanic persons accounted for 18% of the U.S. population, but for 29% of new diagnoses of HIV infection (1). The Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. (EHE) initiative aims to reduce new HIV infections by 90% by 2030 (2). Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), medication taken to prevent acquisition of HIV, is an effective strategy for preventing HIV infection. To examine PrEP awareness and referral to providers among Hispanic persons, CDC analyzed 2019 National HIV Prevention Program Monitoring and Evaluation HIV testing data. Approximately one quarter (27%) of Hispanic persons tested for HIV at CDC-funded sites (n = 310,954) were aware of PrEP, and 22% of those who received a negative HIV test result and were eligible for referral (111,644) were referred to PrEP providers. PrEP awareness and referrals among Hispanic persons were lower compared with those among non-Hispanic White persons. Among Hispanic persons, significant differences were found in PrEP awareness and referrals by age, gender, race, population group, geographic region, and test setting. HIV testing programs can expand PrEP services for Hispanic persons by implementing culturally and linguistically appropriate strategies that routinize PrEP education and referral, collaborating with health care and other providers, and addressing social and structural barriers.

摘要

在美国,西班牙裔或拉丁裔*(西班牙语裔)人群受到 HIV 的影响不成比例。2019 年,西班牙裔人口占美国总人口的 18%,但新诊断出的 HIV 感染人数占 29%(1)。美国终结艾滋病毒流行倡议(EHE)的目标是到 2030 年将新的 HIV 感染减少 90%(2)。暴露前预防(PrEP),即服用药物预防 HIV 感染,是预防 HIV 感染的有效策略。为了研究西班牙裔人群对 PrEP 的认识和向提供者的转介情况,CDC 分析了 2019 年国家艾滋病毒预防规划监测和评估 HIV 检测数据。在 CDC 资助的检测点接受 HIV 检测的西班牙裔人群中,约有四分之一(27%)(n = 310,954)了解 PrEP,在接受阴性 HIV 检测结果且有资格转介(111,644)的人群中,有 22%被转介到 PrEP 提供者处。与非西班牙裔白人相比,西班牙裔人群对 PrEP 的认识和转介率较低。在西班牙裔人群中,在年龄、性别、种族、人群、地理区域和检测环境方面,PrEP 的认识和转介率存在显著差异。艾滋病毒检测项目可以通过实施文化和语言上适宜的策略,将 PrEP 教育和转介常规化,与医疗保健和其他提供者合作,并解决社会和结构性障碍,来扩大西班牙裔人群的 PrEP 服务。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7d3/8519276/1e0ec0bfa11a/mm7040a1-F.jpg

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