The Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States.
Department of Gender Studies, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States.
Front Public Health. 2022 May 6;10:810042. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.810042. eCollection 2022.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP, is a once-daily preventative prescription pill against HIV for adults or adolescents who have sex or inject drugs. PrEP may be especially useful among Black and Hispanic Americans, who are particularly at risk for HIV in the United States. In spite of this vulnerability, rates of PrEP use in Black and Hispanic communities are low. Here, we examined familiarity with, prior usage of, and future interest in PrEP among 364 Black and Hispanic Indiana residents. Indiana is an important context for this work, due to severe HIV outbreaks in the area over the last 8 years. Around half of all participants had never heard of PrEP, with Hispanic participants being less familiar than Black participants. Prior PrEP use was low, at around 10%, and was lower for Hispanic than Black participants. Around 21% of all participants reported interest in PrEP after learning of it in our study. Further, participants identified strategies that would make discussions about PrEP with a medical provider more comfortable. Black and Hispanic participants reported feeling the most comfortable with addressing PrEP usage with providers if: (a) the provider was the one who brought up the subject of PrEP, (b) there was written information available to the patient (i.e., brochures), and (c) the patient already knew they qualified for the prescription in terms of personal eligibility and insurance coverage. Additional provider and patient education, as well as openness on the part of the provider, can help to lessen the disparities associated with PrEP need and actual PrEP usage.
暴露前预防(PrEP)是一种每日一次的预防性艾滋病毒处方药,适用于有性行为或注射毒品的成年人或青少年。PrEP 对于美国的黑人和西班牙裔美国人可能特别有用,因为他们特别容易感染艾滋病毒。尽管存在这种脆弱性,但黑人和西班牙裔社区使用 PrEP 的比例仍然很低。在这里,我们调查了印第安纳州 364 名黑人和西班牙裔居民对 PrEP 的熟悉程度、以前的使用情况和未来的使用意向。印第安纳州是这项工作的一个重要背景,因为该地区在过去 8 年中发生了严重的艾滋病毒疫情。大约一半的参与者从未听说过 PrEP,西班牙裔参与者比黑人参[与者]对 PrEP 的熟悉程度较低。以前使用 PrEP 的比例较低,约为 10%,西班牙裔参与者的比例低于黑人参[与者]。大约 21%的参与者在我们的研究中了解 PrEP 后表示有兴趣使用它。此外,参与者确定了一些策略,可以使与医疗服务提供者讨论 PrEP 更舒适。黑人和西班牙裔参与者报告说,如果满足以下条件,他们与提供者讨论 PrEP 时感觉最舒适:(a) 提供者提出 PrEP 话题,(b) 患者可获得书面信息(即宣传册),以及 (c) 患者已经知道他们在个人资格和保险覆盖范围内符合该处方的条件。增加提供者和患者的教育,以及提供者的开放性,可以帮助减少与 PrEP 需求和实际 PrEP 使用相关的差距。