Wayne State University, School of Social Work, Detroit, MI USA.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Education, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
J Affect Disord. 2021 Dec 1;295:1387-1397. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.09.013. Epub 2021 Sep 17.
The present study explored racial/ethnic and sex differences in fathers' awareness and perceived ease of communication with fathers and how they are related to adolescent bullying victimization and psychosomatic symptoms. Data were drawn from the 2009 to 2010 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children study in the United States. The sample consists of 5,121 White, 1,497 African American, and 1,850 Hispanic adolescents in grades 5 to 10. For all three racial and ethnic groups, bullying victimization was positively associated with psychosomatic symptoms. A higher level of the child's perception of their father's awareness was found to be positively associated with lower levels of bullying victimization for White and Hispanic adolescents. African American, White, and Hispanic adolescents who perceived their fathers as easy to communicate with had a lower risk of bullying victimization. The child's perception of their father's awareness buffered the positive association between bullying victimization and psychosomatic symptoms for Hispanic adolescents. A higher child's perception of their father's awareness was related to lower bullying victimization for adolescents of both sexes. The child's perception of their father's awareness and their perceived ease of communication with their father were found to be associated with a decreased risk of psychosomatic symptoms for both sexes. Overall, the results support the importance of relationship quality with fathers as a protective factor against bullying victimization.
本研究探讨了父亲的意识和与父亲沟通的感知难易程度在种族/民族和性别差异方面的表现，以及它们与青少年欺凌受害和身心症状的关系。数据来自美国 2009 年至 2010 年的儿童健康行为研究。样本包括来自五年级到十年级的 5121 名白人、1497 名非裔美国人和 1850 名西班牙裔青少年。对于所有三个种族和族裔群体，欺凌受害与身心症状呈正相关。研究发现，对于白人和西班牙裔青少年来说，孩子对父亲意识的感知程度越高，欺凌受害的程度越低。认为父亲容易沟通的非裔美国、白人和西班牙裔青少年，欺凌受害的风险较低。孩子对父亲意识的感知缓冲了欺凌受害与身心症状之间的正相关关系，这种关系仅在西班牙裔青少年中存在。孩子对父亲意识的感知程度越高，青少年的欺凌受害程度越低，无论其性别如何。孩子对父亲意识的感知程度和与父亲沟通的感知难易程度与两性身心症状风险降低有关。总的来说，这些结果支持了与父亲的关系质量作为预防欺凌受害的保护因素的重要性。
