Shang Qianqian, Mei Hang, Feng Xinrui, Huang Chuixiu, Pedersen-Bjergaard Stig, Shen Xiantao
State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
Anal Chim Acta. 2021 Nov 1;1184:339038. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339038. Epub 2021 Sep 6.
Electromembrane extraction (EME), involving the migration of charged analytes across a supported liquid membrane (SLM) with an external power supply, is a promising sample preparation method in analytical chemistry. However, the presence of boundary double layers at the SLM/solution interfaces often restricts extraction efficiency. To avoid this, the current work proposed an ultrasound-assisted EME (UA-EME) method based on a novel type of supported semi-liquid membrane (SsLM). The characterizations showed that the SsLM was stable under ultrasound conditions. Ultrasound was found to reduce the boundary double layers and thus increase the mass transfer. Major operational parameters in UA-EME including ultrasound power density, temperature, applied voltage and extraction time were optimized with haloperidol, fluoxetine, and sertraline as model analytes. Under the optimal conditions, extraction recoveries of model analytes in water samples were in the range of 66.8%-91.6%. When this UA-EME method was coupled with LC-MS/MS for detection of the target analytes in human urine samples, the linear range of the analytical method was 10-1000 ng mL, with R > 0.997 for all analytes. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) were in the range of 1.7-2.1 ng mL and 5.7-6.7 ng mL, respectively. The UA-EME expands the application field of ultrasound chemistry and will be very important in development of stable and fast sample preparation systems in the future.
电膜萃取（EME）是分析化学中一种很有前景的样品前处理方法，它通过外部电源使带电分析物穿过支撑液膜（SLM）进行迁移。然而，SLM/溶液界面处边界双层的存在常常限制萃取效率。为避免这一问题，当前研究基于一种新型支撑半液膜（SsLM）提出了一种超声辅助电膜萃取（UA - EME）方法。表征结果表明，SsLM在超声条件下是稳定的。研究发现超声可减少边界双层，从而增加传质。以氟哌啶醇、氟西汀和舍曲林为模型分析物，对UA - EME中的主要操作参数，包括超声功率密度、温度、施加电压和萃取时间进行了优化。在最佳条件下，水样中模型分析物的萃取回收率在66.8% - 91.6%范围内。当这种UA - EME方法与LC - MS/MS联用检测人尿液样品中的目标分析物时，该分析方法的线性范围为10 - 1000 ng/mL，所有分析物的R>0.997。检测限（LOD）和定量限（LOQ）分别在1.7 - 2.1 ng/mL和5.7 - 6.7 ng/mL范围内。UA - EME扩展了超声化学的应用领域，对未来稳定、快速的样品前处理系统的发展具有重要意义。
