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无线设备发出的辐射对男性生殖激素的影响:一项系统综述。

Effect of Radiation Emitted by Wireless Devices on Male Reproductive Hormones: A Systematic Review.

作者信息

Maluin Sofwatul Mokhtarah, Osman Khairul, Jaffar Farah Hanan Fathihah, Ibrahim Siti Fatimah

机构信息

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Nilai, Malaysia.

出版信息

Front Physiol. 2021 Sep 24;12:732420. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.732420. eCollection 2021.


DOI:10.3389/fphys.2021.732420
PMID:34630149
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8497974/
Abstract

Exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) from various wireless devices has increased dramatically with the advancement of technology. One of the most vulnerable organs to the RF-EMR is the testes. This is due to the fact that testicular tissues are more susceptible to oxidative stress due to a high rate of cell division and mitochondrial oxygen consumption. As a result of extensive cell proliferation, replication errors occur, resulting in DNA fragmentation in the sperm. While high oxygen consumption increases the level of oxidative phosphorylation by-products (free radicals) in the mitochondria. Furthermore, due to its inability to effectively dissipate excess heat, testes are also susceptible to thermal effects from RF-EMR exposure. As a result, people are concerned about its impact on male reproductive function. The aim of this article was to conduct a review of literature on the effects of RF-EMR emitted by wireless devices on male reproductive hormones in experimental animals and humans. According to the findings of the studies, RF-EMR emitted by mobile phones and Wi-Fi devices can cause testosterone reduction. However, the effect on gonadotrophic hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone) is inconclusive. These findings were influenced by several factors, which can influence energy absorption and the biological effect of RF-EMR. The effect of RF-EMR in the majority of animal and human studies appeared to be related to the duration of mobile phone use. Thus, limiting the use of wireless devices is recommended.

摘要

随着技术的进步,来自各种无线设备的射频电磁辐射(RF-EMR)暴露急剧增加。对RF-EMR最脆弱的器官之一是睾丸。这是因为睾丸组织由于细胞分裂率高和线粒体氧消耗率高而更容易受到氧化应激的影响。由于广泛的细胞增殖,会发生复制错误,导致精子中的DNA片段化。而高氧消耗会增加线粒体中氧化磷酸化副产物(自由基)的水平。此外,由于睾丸无法有效散发热量,它也容易受到RF-EMR暴露的热效应影响。因此,人们担心其对男性生殖功能的影响。本文的目的是对关于无线设备发出的RF-EMR对实验动物和人类男性生殖激素影响的文献进行综述。根据研究结果,手机和Wi-Fi设备发出的RF-EMR可导致睾酮降低。然而,对促性腺激素(促卵泡激素和促黄体生成素)的影响尚无定论。这些发现受到几个因素的影响,这些因素会影响能量吸收和RF-EMR的生物学效应。在大多数动物和人体研究中,RF-EMR的影响似乎与手机使用时间有关。因此,建议限制无线设备的使用。

相似文献

[1]
Effect of Radiation Emitted by Wireless Devices on Male Reproductive Hormones: A Systematic Review.

Front Physiol. 2021-9-24

[2]
Adverse Effects of Wi-Fi Radiation on Male Reproductive System: A Systematic Review.

Tohoku J Exp Med. 2019-7

[3]
Effects of non-ionizing radio frequency electromagnetic radiation on the development and behavior of early embryos of .

Electromagn Biol Med. 2024-7-2

[4]
Does the Use of Mobile Phone Affect Male Fertility? A Mini-Review.

J Hum Reprod Sci. 2020

[5]
The protective effect of melatonin on radiofrequency electromagnetic fields of mobile phone-induced testicular damage in an experimental mouse model.

Andrologia. 2020-12

[6]
Long-term exposure to electromagnetic radiation from mobile phones and Wi-Fi devices decreases plasma prolactin, progesterone, and estrogen levels but increases uterine oxidative stress in pregnant rats and their offspring.

Endocrine. 2016-5

[7]
Effects of the exposure to mobile phones on male reproduction: a review of the literature.

J Androl. 2012

[8]
Mobile phone radiation induces reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage in human spermatozoa in vitro.

PLoS One. 2009-7-31

[9]
The effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on sperm function.

Reproduction. 2016-12

[10]
The ZIP9-centered androgen pathway compensates for the 2605 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation-mediated reduction in resistance to HO damage in Sertoli cells of adult rats.

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2023-4-1

引用本文的文献

[1]
Histomorphometry and sperm quality in male rats exposed to 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi.

Reproduction. 2025-4-18

[2]
The protective effects of melatonin against electromagnetic waves of cell phones in animal models: A systematic review.

Animal Model Exp Med. 2025-4

[3]
Unveiling the biological effects of radio-frequency and extremely-low frequency electromagnetic fields on the central nervous system performance.

Bioimpacts. 2024

[4]
Genotoxic Risks to Male Reproductive Health from Radiofrequency Radiation.

Cells. 2023-2-12

本文引用的文献

[1]
Effect of mobile phone radiation on oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and contextual fear memory in Wistar rat.

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020-3-24

[2]
Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields (100 kHz to 300 GHz).

Health Phys. 2020-5

[3]
Biochemical, immunohistochemical and morphometrical investigation of the effect of thymoquinone on the rat testis following exposure to a 900-MHz electromagnetic field.

Acta Histochem. 2019-11-26

[4]
Risks to Health and Well-Being From Radio-Frequency Radiation Emitted by Cell Phones and Other Wireless Devices.

Front Public Health. 2019-8-13

[5]
Adverse Effects of Wi-Fi Radiation on Male Reproductive System: A Systematic Review.

Tohoku J Exp Med. 2019-7

[6]
Alteration of testicular regulatory and functional molecules following long-time exposure to 900 MHz RFW emitted from BTS.

Andrologia. 2019-7-26

[7]
Biological effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields: Two sides of a coin.

Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2018-7-17

[8]
1800 MHz mobile phone irradiation induced oxidative and nitrosative stress leads to p53 dependent Bax mediated testicular apoptosis in mice, Mus musculus.

J Cell Physiol. 2018-4-10

[9]
Life-Time Dosimetric Assessment for Mice and Rats Exposed in Reverberation Chambers of the 2-Year NTP Cancer Bioassay Study on Cell Phone Radiation.

IEEE Trans Electromagn Compat. 2017-12

[10]
A Radio Frequency Radiation Exposure System for Rodents based on Reverberation Chambers.

IEEE Trans Electromagn Compat. 2017-8

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