Kianzad Soheil, Chen Guanxiong, MacLean Karon E
SPIN Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Front Robot AI. 2021 Sep 24;8:700465. doi: 10.3389/frobt.2021.700465. eCollection 2021.
Robots are an opportunity for interactive and engaging learning activities. In this paper we consider the premise that haptic force feedback delivered through a held robot can enrich learning of science-related concepts by building physical intuition as learners design experiments and physically explore them to solve problems they have posed. Further, we conjecture that combining this rich feedback with pen-and-paper interactions, , to sketch experiments they want to try, could lead to fluid interactions and benefit focus. However, a number of technical barriers interfere with testing this approach, and making it accessible to learners and their teachers. In this paper, we propose a framework for Physically Assisted Learning based on stages of experiential learning which can guide designers in developing and evaluating effective technology, and which directs focus on how haptic feedback could assist with and learning stages. To this end, we demonstrated a possible technical pathway to support the full experience of designing an experiment by drawing a physical system on paper, then interacting with it physically after the system recognizes the sketch, interprets as a model and renders it haptically. Our proposed framework is rooted in theoretical needs and current advances for experiential learning, pen-paper interaction and haptic technology. We further explain how to instantiate the PAL framework using available technologies and discuss a path forward to a larger vision of physically assisted learning.
机器人为互动式和引人入胜的学习活动提供了契机。在本文中，我们探讨这样一个前提：当学习者设计实验并通过实际操作来探索以解决他们所提出的问题时，通过手持机器人传递的触觉力反馈能够通过建立物理直觉来丰富与科学相关概念的学习。此外，我们推测将这种丰富的反馈与纸笔互动相结合，即让学习者画出他们想要尝试的实验，可能会带来流畅的互动并有助于集中注意力。然而，一些技术障碍妨碍了对这种方法的测试，也使其难以被学习者及其教师所使用。在本文中，我们基于体验式学习的阶段提出了一个物理辅助学习框架，该框架可以指导设计者开发和评估有效的技术，并将重点放在触觉反馈如何在体验式学习阶段提供帮助。为此，我们展示了一条可能的技术途径，通过在纸上绘制物理系统，然后在系统识别草图、将其解释为模型并以触觉方式呈现后与之进行实际交互，来支持设计实验的完整体验。我们提出的框架基于体验式学习、纸笔互动和触觉技术的理论需求及当前进展。我们进一步解释了如何使用现有技术来实例化物理辅助学习（PAL）框架，并讨论了朝着物理辅助学习的更宏大愿景前进的道路。
