Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
AGRIS Sardegna, Sassari, Italy.
Animal. 2021 Nov;15(11):100358. doi: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100358. Epub 2021 Oct 9.
The global consumption, notably in developing countries, and production of beef are increasing continuously, and this requires the industry to improve performance and to reduce the environmental impact of the production chain. Since the improvement in efficiency and the highest impacts occur at farm level, it is appropriate to focus on the profitability and environmental sustainability of these enterprises. In many areas of the world, beef production is economically and socially relevant because it accounts for a significant portion of the agricultural production and represents a vital economic activity in mountain and hill districts of many regions, where few alternatives for other agricultural production exist. Due to the important role in the agricultural and food economy worldwide, the future of the beef industry is linked to the reduction of ecological impacts, mainly adopting the agroecological mitigation practices, and the simultaneous improvement of production performances and of product quality. This review analyses the technical and managerial solutions currently available to increase the efficiency of the beef industry and, at the same time, to reduce its environmental impacts in response to the growing concerns and awareness of citizens and consumers.
全球范围内，牛肉的消费和生产，尤其是在发展中国家，正在持续增长，这要求该行业提高性能并降低生产链的环境影响。由于提高效率和最高影响发生在农场层面，因此关注这些企业的盈利能力和环境可持续性是合适的。在世界上的许多地区，牛肉生产在经济和社会上都很重要，因为它占农业生产的很大一部分，并且是许多地区山区和丘陵地区的重要经济活动，在这些地区，几乎没有其他农业生产的选择。由于在全球农业和食品经济中扮演着重要角色，牛肉行业的未来与减少生态影响有关，主要是通过采用农业生态缓解措施，同时提高生产性能和产品质量。这篇综述分析了目前可用于提高牛肉行业效率，同时减少其环境影响的技术和管理解决方案，以应对公民和消费者日益增长的关注和意识。
