Li Ye, Tan Jin, Miao Yuyang, Zhang Qiang
Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 300052, Tianjin, China.
Tianjin Medical University, 300052, Tianjin, China.
Cell Death Discov. 2021 Oct 11;7(1):285. doi: 10.1038/s41420-021-00670-2.
Extracellular vesicle (EV), critical mediators of cell-cell communication, allow cells to exchange proteins, lipids, and genetic material and therefore profoundly affect the general homeostasis. A hypoxic environment can affect the biogenesis and secrete of EVs, and the cargoes carried can participate in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. In hypoxia-induced inflammation, microRNA(miRNA) in EV participates in transcriptional regulation through various pathways to promote or reduce the inflammatory response. Meanwhile, as an important factor of immune response, the polarization of macrophages is closely linked to miRNAs, which will eventually affect the inflammatory state. In this review, we outline the possible molecular mechanism of EV changes under hypoxia, focusing on the signaling pathways of several microRNAs involved in inflammation regulation and describing the process and mechanism of EV-miRNAs regulating macrophage polarization in hypoxic diseases.
细胞外囊泡（EV）是细胞间通讯的关键介质，使细胞能够交换蛋白质、脂质和遗传物质，从而深刻影响整体内环境稳态。缺氧环境可影响细胞外囊泡的生物发生和分泌，其携带的货物可参与多种生理和病理过程。在缺氧诱导的炎症中，细胞外囊泡中的微小RNA（miRNA）通过各种途径参与转录调控，以促进或减轻炎症反应。同时，作为免疫反应的重要因素，巨噬细胞的极化与miRNA密切相关，最终将影响炎症状态。在本综述中，我们概述了缺氧条件下细胞外囊泡变化的可能分子机制，重点关注几种参与炎症调节的微小RNA的信号通路，并描述了细胞外囊泡-miRNA在缺氧疾病中调节巨噬细胞极化的过程和机制。
