David M, Maharaj N
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2025 Jun;311(6):1477-1487. doi: 10.1007/s00404-025-08013-7. Epub 2025 Apr 3.
This review delves into the role of exosomes in immune regulation within the context of preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy condition marked by high blood pressure and widespread inflammation. PE hampers the invasion of trophoblasts and disrupts placental function, contributing to inflammation and maternal organ dysfunction. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that mediate cell-to-cell communication by transferring proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. This review highlights their role in immune regulation during pregnancy, especially their altered behavior in PE. Normally, exosomes support communication between the mother and fetus, promoting immune tolerance. In PE, however, exosomal activity and content undergo significant changes, potentially intensifying the inflammatory state. Further investigation into the in vivo immune-modulatory actions of exosomes, especially those from preeclamptic placentas, may provide insights into the pathogenesis of PE and uncover novel therapeutic targets for treatment.
本综述深入探讨了外泌体在子痫前期（PE）免疫调节中的作用。子痫前期是一种以高血压和广泛炎症为特征的妊娠疾病。子痫前期会阻碍滋养细胞的侵入并破坏胎盘功能，导致炎症和母体器官功能障碍。外泌体是一种小的细胞外囊泡，通过转运蛋白质、脂质和核酸来介导细胞间通讯。本综述强调了它们在妊娠期间免疫调节中的作用，特别是它们在子痫前期中的行为改变。正常情况下，外泌体支持母婴之间的通讯，促进免疫耐受。然而，在子痫前期中，外泌体的活性和内容会发生显著变化，可能会加剧炎症状态。对外泌体，尤其是子痫前期胎盘来源外泌体的体内免疫调节作用进行进一步研究，可能会为子痫前期的发病机制提供见解，并发现新的治疗靶点。
