Department of Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil.
Dom Luiz Gonzaga Fernandes Emergency and Trauma Hospital, Campina Grande, Brazil.
Dent Med Probl. 2021 Oct-Dec;58(4):441-445. doi: 10.17219/dmp/127668.
Road traffic accidents are a significant public health problem and a major cause of economic loss globally.
The aim of the study was to describe the epidemiological profile of child victims of traffic accidents and the prevalence of craniofacial trauma in a municipality in the northeastern region of Brazil.
A documentary study was carried out through the analysis of the medical records of the traffic accident victims hospitalized in emergency wards in the municipality of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil, from January to December 2016. A total of 1,884 medical records were evaluated, among which 85 (4.5%) referred to children aged 0-12 years. The information related to the sociodemographic profile of the victims, traffic accidents and clinical variables was collected. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, and a 5% level of significance was adopted.
The victims were predominantly males (64.7%) and 9-12-year-old children (43.5%). Most accidents were recorded in the evening (48.2%) and on the weekend (32.9%). Among the victims, 37.6% were involved in motorcycle accidents. Craniofacial injuries were found in 44.7% of the children. Most victims were not admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (80.0%). Craniofacial trauma was significantly associated with motorcycle (p = 0.043) and automobile accidents (p = 0.013).
Our findings suggest that motorcycles are the vehicles most frequently involved in traffic accidents, which predominantly affect males and children aged 9-12 years, and result in a high prevalence of craniofacial trauma.
道路交通伤害是一个重大的公共卫生问题，也是全球范围内经济损失的主要原因。
本研究旨在描述巴西东北部某城市道路交通伤害儿童受害者的流行病学特征和颅面外伤的发生率。
采用文献研究方法，对巴西帕拉伊巴州坎皮纳格兰德市急诊病房收治的道路交通伤害患者的医疗记录进行分析。共评估了 1884 份病历，其中 85 份（4.5%）涉及 0-12 岁儿童。收集了有关受害者社会人口学特征、交通事故和临床变量的信息。采用描述性和推断性统计方法进行数据分析，采用 5%的显著水平。
受害者主要为男性（64.7%）和 9-12 岁儿童（43.5%）。大多数事故发生在傍晚（48.2%）和周末（32.9%）。受害者中，37.6%涉及摩托车事故。44.7%的儿童存在颅面损伤。大多数受害者未入住重症监护病房（80.0%）。颅面外伤与摩托车（p=0.043）和汽车事故（p=0.013）显著相关。
本研究结果表明，摩托车是最常涉及道路交通伤害的车辆，主要影响男性和 9-12 岁儿童，导致颅面外伤发生率较高。
