Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, United States.
Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences (Periodontology Unit), School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2021 Oct 27;13(42):49642-49657. doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c11787. Epub 2021 Oct 12.
Periodontitis compromises the integrity and function of tooth-supporting structures. Although therapeutic approaches have been offered, predictable regeneration of periodontal tissues remains intangible, particularly in anatomically complex defects. In this work, personalized and defect-specific antibiotic-laden polymeric scaffolds containing metronidazole (MET), tetracycline (TCH), or their combination (MET/TCH) were created via electrospinning. An initial screening of the synthesized fibers comprising chemo-morphological analyses, cytocompatibility assessment, and antimicrobial validation against periodontopathogens was accomplished to determine the cell-friendly and anti-infective nature of the scaffolds. According to the cytocompatibility and antimicrobial data, the 1:3 MET/TCH formulation was used to obtain three-dimensional defect-specific scaffolds to treat periodontally compromised three-wall osseous defects in rats. Inflammatory cell response and new bone formation were assessed by histology. Micro-computerized tomography was performed to assess bone loss in the furcation area at 2 and 6 weeks post implantation. Chemo-morphological and cell compatibility analyses confirmed the synthesis of cytocompatible antibiotic-laden fibers with antimicrobial action. Importantly, the 1:3 MET/TCH defect-specific scaffolds led to increased new bone formation, lower bone loss, and reduced inflammatory response when compared to antibiotic-free scaffolds. Altogether, our results suggest that the fabrication of defect-specific antibiotic-laden scaffolds holds great potential toward the development of personalized (, patient-specific medication) scaffolds to ablate infection while affording regenerative properties.
牙周炎会损害牙齿支撑结构的完整性和功能。尽管已经提出了治疗方法，但牙周组织的可预测再生仍然难以实现，尤其是在解剖结构复杂的缺陷中。在这项工作中，通过静电纺丝技术制备了载有甲硝唑（MET）、四环素（TCH）或其组合（MET/TCH）的个性化和特定于缺陷的载抗生素聚合物支架。通过化学形态分析、细胞相容性评估和针对牙周病原体的抗菌验证，对合成纤维进行了初步筛选，以确定支架的细胞友好性和抗感染特性。根据细胞相容性和抗菌数据，使用 1:3 的 MET/TCH 配方获得了三维特定于缺陷的支架，以治疗大鼠牙周受损的三壁骨缺损。通过组织学评估炎症细胞反应和新骨形成。在植入后 2 周和 6 周时通过微计算机断层扫描评估分叉区域的骨丢失。化学形态和细胞相容性分析证实了具有抗菌作用的细胞相容性载抗生素纤维的合成。重要的是，与无抗生素支架相比，1:3 的 MET/TCH 特定于缺陷的支架导致新骨形成增加、骨丢失减少和炎症反应减轻。总之，我们的结果表明，制备特定于缺陷的载抗生素支架具有很大的潜力，可以开发个性化（，针对患者的药物）支架来消除感染，同时提供再生特性。
