Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.
Curr Biol. 2021 Oct 11;31(19):R1326-R1341. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.08.058.
The UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration offers immense potential to return hundreds of millions of hectares of degraded tropical landscapes to functioning ecosystems. Well-designed restoration can tackle multiple Sustainable Development Goals, driving synergistic benefits for biodiversity, ecosystem services, agricultural and timber production, and local livelihoods at large spatial scales. To deliver on this potential, restoration efforts must recognise and reduce trade-offs among objectives, and minimize competition with food production and conservation of native ecosystems. Restoration initiatives also need to confront core environmental challenges of climate change and inappropriate planting in savanna biomes, be robustly funded over the long term, and address issues of poor governance, inadequate land tenure, and socio-cultural disparities in benefits and costs. Tackling these issues using the landscape approach is vital to realising the potential for restoration to break the cycle of land degradation and poverty, and deliver on its core environmental and social promises.
联合国生态系统恢复十年为使数以亿计退化的热带景观恢复为具有功能的生态系统提供了巨大的潜力。精心设计的恢复可以解决多个可持续发展目标，在大的空间尺度上为生物多样性、生态系统服务、农业和木材生产以及当地生计带来协同效益。为了实现这一潜力，恢复工作必须认识到并减少目标之间的权衡取舍，尽量减少与粮食生产和保护本地生态系统之间的竞争。恢复举措还需要应对气候变化和在热带稀树草原生物群落中不当种植等核心环境挑战，长期获得充足的资金，并解决治理不善、土地保有权不足以及在利益和成本方面存在的社会文化差异等问题。利用景观方法解决这些问题，对于实现恢复的潜力以打破土地退化和贫困的循环以及兑现其核心环境和社会承诺至关重要。
