Division of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
Low Level Radioactivity Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Nomi 923-1224, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 30;18(19):10310. doi: 10.3390/ijerph181910310.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), even at low concentrations, have been shown to trigger changes in life cycles and provoke abnormal behaviors in numerous marine organisms. From May 2019 to September 2020, particulate and dissolved PAH concentrations were analyzed on the surface water of West Nanao Bay, Japan, to determinate their levels, emission sources, environmental pathways, and ecological risks at this remote but semi-enclosed bay. The 14 targeted PAHs were analyzed by HPLC-fluorescence detector. Mean total PAH concentrations were lower than 20.0 ng L for most samples. Based on fluoranthene (Flu) to pyrene (Pyr) ([Flu]/[Flu + Pyr]) and benzo[a]anthracene (BaA) to chrysene (Chr) ([BaA]/[BaA + Chr]) isomeric ratios and a varimax rotated PCA, it was established that biomass combustion was the principal source in the particulate phase and that liquid fossil fuel combustion was the principal source in the dissolved phase. From salinity and turbidity distribution, riverine discharges were determined to be the major and continuous transportation pathway of particulate PAHs. It was observed that rain events had a role in the transport of dissolved PAHs. The risk quotients (RQ : 0-84.53) indicated that PAHs represented a very low to low acute environmental risk. The results of this study will contribute to filling the paradigm gap of ecotoxicological studies in remote areas, working as a booster for future in-lab studies of non-lethal implications of endocrine disruptors such as PAHs.
多环芳烃（PAHs）即使浓度很低，也已被证明会引发许多海洋生物的生命周期变化，并引发异常行为。2019 年 5 月至 2020 年 9 月，分析了日本西之南海湾表层水中的颗粒状和溶解态多环芳烃浓度，以确定该偏远但半封闭海湾的水平、排放源、环境途径和生态风险。采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测器分析了 14 种目标多环芳烃。大多数样品的总多环芳烃浓度平均值低于 20.0ng/L。基于荧蒽（Flu）与芘（Pyr）的比值（[Flu]/[Flu + Pyr]）和苯并[a]蒽（BaA）与屈（Chr）的比值（[BaA]/[BaA + Chr]）以及方差极大旋转主成分分析，确定生物质燃烧是颗粒相的主要来源，而液体化石燃料燃烧是溶解相的主要来源。根据盐度和浊度分布，确定河川排放是颗粒态多环芳烃的主要和持续的输运途径。降雨事件在溶解态多环芳烃的输运中发挥了作用。风险商数（RQ：0-84.53）表明多环芳烃代表了非常低至低的急性环境风险。本研究的结果将有助于填补偏远地区生态毒理学研究的范式差距，为未来研究内分泌干扰物（如多环芳烃）的非致死影响的实验室研究提供助力。
