Division of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
Low Level Radioactivity Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Nomi 923-1224, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 1;17(3):904. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17030904.
To improve the understanding of the emission sources and pathways of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the coastal environments of remote areas, their particulate and dissolved concentrations were analyzed on a monthly basis from 2015 to 2018 in surface waters of Nanao Bay, Japan. The concentration of the targeted 13 species of PAHs on the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) priority pollutant list in dissolved and particle phases were separately analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to a fluorescence detector. Particulate and dissolved PAHs had average concentrations of 0.72 ng∙L and 0.95 ng∙L, respectively. While most of the samples were lower than 1 ng∙L, abnormally high levels up to 10 ng∙L were observed in the winter of 2017-2018 for particulate PAHs. Based on the isomer ratios of Flu to Flu plus Pyr, it was possible to determine that the pyrogenic loads were greater than the petrogenic loads in all but four out of 86 samples. The predominant environmental pathway for PAHs in winter was determined to be long-range atmospheric transportation fed by the East Asian winter monsoon, while for the summer, local sources were more relevant. By the risk quotients method, it was determined that PAHs in surface seawater presented a very low risk to marine life during the interannual survey.
为了增进对偏远地区沿海环境中多环芳烃（PAHs）排放源和途径的了解，本研究于 2015 年至 2018 年逐月分析了日本南海湾表层海水中的多环芳烃颗粒态和溶解态浓度。采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）与荧光检测器联用的方法，分别分析了美国环保署（USEPA）优先污染物清单上 13 种目标 PAHs 在溶解相和颗粒相中的浓度。颗粒态和溶解态 PAHs 的平均浓度分别为 0.72ng∙L 和 0.95ng∙L。虽然大多数样品的浓度低于 1ng∙L，但在 2017-2018 年冬季，颗粒态 PAHs 的浓度高达 10ng∙L。根据 Flu 与 Flu 加 Pyr 的异构体比值，可以确定在 86 个样本中，除了 4 个样本外，其余样本的人为源负荷均大于天然源负荷。冬季 PAHs 的主要环境途径是东亚冬季风驱动的长距离大气传输，而夏季则与本地源更为相关。通过风险商数法，在多年调查中，确定表层海水中的 PAHs 对海洋生物的风险非常低。
