Frade Fátima, Jacobsohn Lia, Gómez-Salgado Juan, Martins Rosário, Allande-Cussó Regina, Ruiz-Frutos Carlos, Frade João
Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Lisboa, 1600-190 Lisboa, Portugal.
Centro de Administração e Políticas Públicas (CAPP), University of Lisbon, 1300-666 Lisbon, Portugal.
J Clin Med. 2021 Sep 28;10(19):4464. doi: 10.3390/jcm10194464.
Confinement of the population has been one of the measures implemented by different governments to address the COVID-19 health crisis, and it has led to social isolation together with a disruption of daily activities. The aim of the study is to analyze psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal. During the quarantine, a cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 2120 subjects over 18 years of age, resident and born in Portugal. Data were collected using a self-developed questionnaire that considered socio-demographic variables, physical symptoms, health conditions, and history of contact with COVID-19, as well as psychological alterations. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was also included. Univariate and bivariate statistical analyses were performed. Predictive capacity was studied using logistic regression models. The results showed a higher percentage of individuals presenting psychological distress (57.2.0%), with a higher percentage identified among women (79.0%), and in people with a higher educational level (bachelor's + master's and doctorate) (75.8%). The predictor variables with the greatest weight were sex, educational level (graduation, master's, and doctorate), living with children or under 16 years of age, presence of symptoms, and quarantine in the last 14 days for having symptoms. Good self-assessment of health and working at home appear to be protective against psychological distress. These results highlight the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological distress and provide an opportunity to consider the need to implement specific multidisciplinary public health and mental health interventions in this pandemic situation.
限制民众活动是不同政府为应对新冠疫情健康危机而采取的措施之一，这导致了社会隔离以及日常活动的中断。本研究的目的是分析葡萄牙在新冠疫情期间的心理困扰情况。在隔离期间，对2120名18岁以上、居住在葡萄牙且出生于葡萄牙的受试者进行了一项横断面研究。使用自行编制的问卷收集数据，该问卷考虑了社会人口统计学变量、身体症状、健康状况、与新冠病毒的接触史以及心理变化。还纳入了一般健康问卷（GHQ - 12）。进行了单变量和双变量统计分析。使用逻辑回归模型研究预测能力。结果显示，出现心理困扰的个体比例较高（57.2%），其中女性（79.0%）以及教育水平较高（学士 + 硕士和博士）的人群中这一比例更高（75.8%）。权重最大的预测变量是性别、教育水平（毕业、硕士和博士）、与16岁以下儿童共同生活、有症状以及过去14天因出现症状而进行隔离。对健康的良好自我评估以及在家工作似乎对心理困扰有保护作用。这些结果凸显了新冠疫情对心理困扰的影响，并为考虑在这种疫情形势下实施特定的多学科公共卫生和心理健康干预措施的必要性提供了契机。
