Kalbouneh H, Alajoulin O, Shawaqfeh J, Abu-Hassan D, Al-Juboori S, Jaber S, Alshabatat L, Massad T, Alsalem M
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Orthopedic and Trauma Department, Ankle and Foot Section, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan.
Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2022;81(4):983-990. doi: 10.5603/FM.a2021.0100. Epub 2021 Oct 13.
Os peroneum and os vesalianum are sesamoid bones that could be found within fibularis longus and brevis tendons, respectively. They are rarely a cause of lateral foot pain and are often identified as incidental radiographic findings. However, in the context of trauma, these sesamoids may be radiographically misinterpreted as fractures. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and normal morphological variants of os peroneum and os vesalianum.
Standard oblique lateral and/or anteroposterior radiographic views of 624 feet of adolescent and adult patients were retrospectively reviewed to determine the prevalence and anatomical variations of the os peroneum and os vesalianum in relation to age and gender using plain radiography.
Os peroneum was found in 22% and os vesalianum was found in 1.6%. Age was found to significantly correlate with the presence of os peroneum with the highest prevalence (30%) detected in the elderly group. Among 137 feet with os peroneum, 54.0% were between 4 and 8 mm, 67.2% were close to the tubercle of cuboid, 32.8% were located at the level of calcaneocuboid joint, 81.8% were solitary, and 18.2% were bi-/multipartite. Among 10 feet with os vesalianum, type I was identified in 40% and type II in 60%.
Different anatomical variants of the lateral sesamoid bones of the foot have been described in this study. A thorough knowledge of normal anatomical variants is essential for proper diagnosis and management and can enhance our diagnostic skills in detecting these sesamoids.
腓籽骨和维萨里骨是籽骨，分别位于腓骨长肌和腓骨短肌腱内。它们很少是足外侧疼痛的原因，常被作为影像学检查的偶然发现。然而，在创伤情况下，这些籽骨在影像学上可能被误诊为骨折。本研究旨在评估腓籽骨和维萨里骨的患病率及正常形态变异。
回顾性分析624例青少年和成年患者足部的标准斜位侧位和/或前后位X线片，以通过X线平片确定腓籽骨和维萨里骨的患病率及与年龄和性别的解剖变异。
腓籽骨的发现率为22%，维萨里骨的发现率为1.6%。发现年龄与腓籽骨的存在显著相关，老年组患病率最高（30%）。在137例有腓籽骨的足部中，54.0%在4至8毫米之间，67.2%靠近骰骨结节，32.8%位于跟骰关节水平，81.8%为单块，18.2%为双块/多块。在10例有维萨里骨的足部中，I型占40%，II型占60%。
本研究描述了足部外侧籽骨的不同解剖变异。全面了解正常解剖变异对于正确诊断和处理至关重要，可提高我们检测这些籽骨的诊断技能。
