输出，还是不输出：核输出因子变体如何解决Piwi蛋白的困境。

To export, or not to export: how nuclear export factor variants resolve Piwi's dilemma.

作者信息

Wang Sheng, Lu Xiaohua, Qiu Ding, Yu Yang

机构信息

Shenzhen Baoan District Women's and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518101.

Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 100101.

出版信息

Biochem Soc Trans. 2021 Nov 1;49(5):2073-2079. doi: 10.1042/BST20201171.

DOI:10.1042/BST20201171

PMID:34643228

Abstract

Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) defend animal gonads by guiding PIWI-clade Argonaute proteins to silence transposons. The nuclear Piwi/piRNA complexes confer transcriptional repression of transposons, which is accompanied with heterochromatin formation at target loci. On the other hand, piRNA clusters, genomic loci that transcribe piRNA precursors composed of transposon fragments, are often recognized by piRNAs to define their heterochromatic identity. Therefore, Piwi/piRNA complexes must resolve this conundrum of silencing transposons while allowing the expression of piRNA precursors, at least in Drosophila germlines. This review is focused on recent advances how the piRNA pathway deals with this genetic conflict.

摘要

Piwi相互作用RNA（piRNA）通过引导PIWI亚家族的AGO蛋白沉默转座子来保护动物性腺。核Piwi/piRNA复合物赋予转座子转录抑制作用，这伴随着靶位点异染色质的形成。另一方面，piRNA簇，即转录由转座子片段组成的piRNA前体的基因组位点，经常被piRNA识别以确定其异染色质身份。因此，Piwi/piRNA复合物必须解决在沉默转座子的同时允许piRNA前体表达这一难题，至少在果蝇生殖系中是这样。本综述聚焦于piRNA途径处理这种遗传冲突的最新进展。