Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Am Surg. 2023 Apr;89(4):871-874. doi: 10.1177/00031348211048843. Epub 2021 Oct 13.
Dr. Joseph Murray was a plastic surgeon who is best known for performing the first successful human organ transplant. After graduating from Harvard Medical School and completing a surgical internship at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Murray enlisted in the US Army Medical Corp and spent 5 years at Valley Forge General Hospital treating World War II soldiers injured in combat. He treated hundreds of burn victims with skin grafts and took an interest in the variable process of graft rejection based on both the patient's relation to the graft donor and the patient's level of immunocompetency. His work at Valley Forge set the stage for his research investigating the feasibility of kidney transplantation and immunosuppression. He went on to perform the first successful kidney transplant between identical twins in 1954, between fraternal twins in 1959, and between an unrelated donor and recipient in 1962. For his efforts, he was awarded the 1990 Nobel Prize in Medicine.
约瑟夫·默里博士是一位整形外科医生，他因进行了首例成功的人类器官移植而闻名。默里博士从哈佛医学院毕业后，在彼得·本特·布里格姆医院完成了外科实习，随后加入了美国陆军医疗团，并在瓦利福奇综合医院工作了 5 年，治疗在二战中受伤的士兵。他用皮肤移植治疗了数百名烧伤患者，并对基于供体与患者关系以及患者免疫能力水平的移植物排斥的变化过程产生了兴趣。他在瓦利福奇的工作为他研究肾移植和免疫抑制的可行性奠定了基础。他随后在 1954 年成功地在同卵双胞胎之间进行了首例肾脏移植，在 1959 年在异卵双胞胎之间进行了首例肾脏移植，并在 1962 年在无亲缘关系的供体和受者之间进行了首例肾脏移植。他因这些努力获得了 1990 年诺贝尔医学奖。
