Chou Wen-Yi, Ko Jih-Yang, Chen Shu-Fang, Wu Chia-Feng, Wu Kuan-Ting, Jhan Shun-Wun
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta Pei Road, Niao Sung Dist., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
Center of Comprehensive Sports Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2021 Oct 13;13(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s13102-021-00357-2.
Superior shoulder motion with rotator cuff activation are essential for the performance of the throwing athletes. The present study compared the novel beginning movement load training (BMLT) and popular throwers ten program regarding the training efficacy of baseball throwers. We hypothesized that the BMLT contributed the superior training efficacy than popular throwers ten program.
Forty adult baseball players were randomized into study group and control group equally. In study group, the cyclic shoulder motion was repeatedly operated 3 days in a week and lasted for 6 weeks using three different BMLT training machines. As for control group, three popular cyclic training in the throwers ten program were adopted for the shoulder trainings as the same protocol in study group. The evaluations before and after training included the static range of motion (ROM), the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVICs) of the target muscle (pectoralis major, middle deltoid and supraspinatus) and throwing velocity.
After 6-week course, study group had significant wider static ROM in saggital adduction (p = 0.002), coronal internal rotation (p = 0.018) and external rotation (p = 0.044) than in control group. The maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) ratio of middle deltoid/supraspinatus was significant lower in study group (Study:Control = 1.14 ± 0.76:3.56 ± 5.57, p = 0.049) which indicated the enhanced supraspinatus maximal contraction in the study group after training. In addition, the study group had significant improvement in throwing speed (117 ± 10 vs. 109 ± 10 km/h, p = 0.040).
The BMLT contributed the superiority in range of motion, recruitment of supraspinatus and throwing velocity than the popular thrower's ten program. It could be a favourable training for the overhead activity.
肩袖激活时肩部的良好运动对于投掷运动员的表现至关重要。本研究比较了新型起始运动负荷训练（BMLT）和流行的投掷者十项计划对棒球投掷运动员的训练效果。我们假设BMLT比流行的投掷者十项计划具有更好的训练效果。
40名成年棒球运动员被平均随机分为研究组和对照组。在研究组中，使用三种不同的BMLT训练机器，每周进行3天的循环肩部运动，持续6周。对照组则采用投掷者十项计划中的三种流行循环训练进行肩部训练，训练方案与研究组相同。训练前后的评估包括静态活动范围（ROM）、目标肌肉（胸大肌、三角肌中束和冈上肌）的最大自主等长收缩（MVIC）以及投掷速度。
经过6周的训练，研究组在矢状面内收（p = 0.002）、冠状面内旋（p = 0.018）和外旋（p = 0.044）方面的静态ROM比对照组显著更宽。研究组三角肌中束/冈上肌的最大自主等长收缩（MVIC）比值显著低于对照组（研究组：对照组 = 1.14±0.76：3.56±5.57，p = 0.049），这表明训练后研究组冈上肌的最大收缩增强。此外，研究组的投掷速度有显著提高（117±10 vs. 109±10 km/h，p = 0.040）。
与流行的投掷者十项计划相比，BMLT在活动范围、冈上肌募集和投掷速度方面具有优势。它可能是一种有利于过头活动的训练方法。
