Division of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 10950, Hufof, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Division of Parasitology, Biomedical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 10950, Hufof, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
J Parasitol. 2021 Sep 1;107(5):810-816. doi: 10.1645/20-109.
Macrophages, within which Leishmania species replicate, generate large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) to kill these parasites. The present study assessed the oxidative and nitrosative stress, and specific immune enzymes in the serum of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (Cl) before and after treatment and in the control individuals. Serum activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), L-arginase, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) and the levels of reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) were studied. The activities of L-arginase, MPO, and ADA and the levels of MDA and NO were significantly elevated (P < 0.001), while the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px, and the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced in untreated patients as compared with values of patients after treatment and of control individuals. The treatment, which included intramuscular injection of sodium stibogluconate and meglumine antimoniate, ameliorated these factors in comparison to the untreated group. These results suggest that oxidative and nitrosative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of untreated cutaneous leishmaniasis. Furthermore, the reduction in oxidative and nitrosative stress in the treated Cl patients may be due to the drug decreasing energy production by the parasite, which eventually leads to its death.
巨噬细胞内复制利什曼原虫物种，产生大量的活性氧（ROS）和活性氮（RNS）来杀死这些寄生虫。本研究评估了皮肤利什曼病（CL）患者治疗前后和对照组个体血清中的氧化和硝化应激以及特异性免疫酶。研究了血清中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、L-精氨酸酶、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）和腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）的活性以及还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、丙二醛（MDA）和一氧化氮（NO）的水平。L-精氨酸酶、MPO 和 ADA 的活性以及 MDA 和 NO 的水平显着升高（P <0.001），而未经治疗的患者的 SOD、CAT 和 GSH-Px 的活性以及还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）的水平显着降低（P <0.001）与治疗后的患者和对照组个体的值相比。包括肌肉内注射葡萄糖酸锑钠和葡甲胺锑的治疗与未治疗组相比改善了这些因素。这些结果表明，氧化和硝化应激可能在未经治疗的皮肤利什曼病发病机制中起重要作用。此外，治疗后的 CL 患者氧化和硝化应激的减少可能是由于药物减少了寄生虫的能量产生，最终导致其死亡。
