Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, #295, Road Xichang, District Xishan, Kunming, 650000, Yunan, China.
Department of Environment-Related Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650034, China.
J Orthop Surg Res. 2021 Oct 14;16(1):594. doi: 10.1186/s13018-021-02734-6.
Varieties of animals were used to study osteoarthritis pathogenesis. The Diannan small-ear pig, which is native to Yunnan, China, is thought to have an articular anatomy similar to that of humans and is more likely to be a source of pathological tissues than other animals. The aim of this study was to determine whether this animal can serve as a more effective osteoarthritis model and explore the role of SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway in the development of Osteoarthritis in animals.
Twenty-seven adult pigs were randomly divided into three groups and underwent the Hulth procedure, papain articular injection, and conventional breeding. After 4, 8, and 12 weeks, cartilage tissues from knee joint were extracted for general and histological observation, immunofluorescence, and biochemical analysis. Synovium was taken out for stromal cell-derived factor-1 analysis.
Histopathological observation showed obvious cartilage loss in two experimental groups, this cartilage loss was more severe in the chemical groups. Synovial stromal cell-derived factor1 levels increased over time in all groups. mRNA and protein levels of matrix metalloproteinase-3 were much higher in the chemical groups than in the other groups, whereas levels of collagen type II and aggrecan were significantly lower in the chemical groups than in the other groups. Immunofluorescence assays of collagen type II revealed an apparent reduction in this marker in the chemical groups compared with the other groups.
These results indicated that the Diannan small-ear pig can be used as an effective osteoarthritis model. In addition, it is much more convenient and much faster to induce osteoarthritis by intra-articular injection of papain, which is a method worthy of being promoted.
各种动物被用于研究骨关节炎的发病机制。滇南小耳猪原产于中国云南，其关节解剖结构被认为与人类相似，并且比其他动物更有可能成为病理组织的来源。本研究旨在确定这种动物是否可以作为更有效的骨关节炎模型，并探讨 SDF-1/CXCR4 信号通路在动物骨关节炎发展中的作用。
将 27 头成年猪随机分为三组，分别进行 Hulth 手术、木瓜蛋白酶关节内注射和常规饲养。在 4、8 和 12 周后，从膝关节提取软骨组织进行大体和组织学观察、免疫荧光和生化分析。取出滑膜用于基质细胞衍生因子-1 分析。
组织病理学观察显示两组实验动物均出现明显的软骨丢失，化学组的软骨丢失更为严重。所有组的滑膜基质细胞衍生因子 1 水平随时间推移而增加。化学组的基质金属蛋白酶-3 的 mRNA 和蛋白水平明显高于其他组，而化学组的 II 型胶原和聚集蛋白水平明显低于其他组。化学组的 II 型胶原免疫荧光分析显示该标志物明显减少。
这些结果表明，滇南小耳猪可用作有效的骨关节炎模型。此外，通过关节内注射木瓜蛋白酶诱导骨关节炎更加方便快捷，是一种值得推广的方法。
