Chowdhury Debajyoti, Wang Chao, Lu Aiping, Zhu Hailong
HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.
Computational Medicine Lab, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
Front Genet. 2021 Sep 28;12:698910. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.698910. eCollection 2021.
Gene transcriptional process is random. It occurs in bursts and follows single-molecular kinetics. Intermittent bursts are measured based on their frequency and size. They influence temporal fluctuations in the abundance of total mRNA and proteins by generating distinct transcriptional variations referred to as "noise". Noisy expression induces uncertainty because the association between transcriptional variation and the extent of gene expression fluctuation is ambiguous. The promoter architecture and remote interference of different -regulatory elements are the crucial determinants of noise, which is reflected in phenotypic heterogeneity. An alternative perspective considers that cellular parameters dictating genome-wide transcriptional kinetics follow a universal pattern. Research on noise and systematic perturbations of promoter sequences reinforces that both gene-specific and genome-wide regulation occur across species ranging from bacteria and yeast to animal cells. Thus, deciphering gene-expression noise is essential across different genomics applications. Amidst the mounting conflict, it is imperative to reconsider the scope, progression, and rational construction of diversified viewpoints underlying the origin of the noise. Here, we have established an indication connecting noise, gene expression variations, and bacterial phenotypic variability. This review will enhance the understanding of gene-expression noise in various scientific contexts and applications.
基因转录过程是随机的。它以突发形式发生，并遵循单分子动力学。间歇性突发根据其频率和大小来衡量。它们通过产生被称为“噪声”的独特转录变化，影响总mRNA和蛋白质丰度的时间波动。噪声表达会引发不确定性，因为转录变化与基因表达波动程度之间的关联并不明确。启动子结构和不同调控元件的远程干扰是噪声的关键决定因素，这反映在表型异质性上。另一种观点认为，决定全基因组转录动力学的细胞参数遵循一种普遍模式。对噪声和启动子序列系统扰动的研究强化了这样的观点，即从细菌、酵母到动物细胞等不同物种都存在基因特异性和全基因组调控。因此，在不同的基因组学应用中解读基因表达噪声至关重要。在日益激烈的冲突中，必须重新审视关于噪声起源的各种观点的范围、进展和合理构建。在这里，我们建立了一种将噪声、基因表达变化和细菌表型变异性联系起来的指标。这篇综述将增进在各种科学背景和应用中对基因表达噪声的理解。
