Gershon E S, Goldin L R
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1986 Aug;74(2):113-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb10594.x.
Population stratification, secondary effects of illness or treatment, biological heterogeneity of a clinical syndrome, or complex biology underlying a syndrome (where only one component is measured) are conditions which may obscure the association of a genetic risk factor with a clinical syndrome. We consider several investigative strategies under each of these conditions. Only segregation-based paradigms are robust to genetic heterogeneity and population stratification. But secondary effects on the risk factor produced by illness or treatment require other strategies for their detection.
