Goldin L R, Nurnberger J I, Gershon E S
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1986 Aug;74(2):119-28. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb10595.x.
The study of individuals at "high" risk for developing psychiatric disorders is useful in confirming that a biological trait marker identified in patient populations is also present in genetically susceptible individuals who have never been ill, and predicts the future onset of illness. We outline a systematic method for deciding which variables to choose and how many individuals are required in order for a study to have sufficient power. We demonstrate how these decisions depend on the assumptions that can be made with regard to the mode of inheritance of the biological trait, the relationship of the biological trait to illness, and the magnitude of the mean difference observed between patients and controls. We also quantify the increased power of studying offspring of two affected parents rather than offspring of one affected parent.
对有患精神疾病“高”风险个体的研究，有助于确认在患者群体中鉴定出的生物性状标志物，在从未患病的遗传易感个体中也存在，并能预测未来疾病的发作。我们概述了一种系统方法，用于决定选择哪些变量以及一项研究需要多少个体才能具有足够的检验效能。我们展示了这些决策如何取决于关于生物性状的遗传模式、生物性状与疾病的关系以及患者与对照之间观察到的平均差异大小所做的假设。我们还量化了研究两个患病亲本的后代而非一个患病亲本的后代所增加的检验效能。
