新冠疫情期间葡萄牙医护人员医用口罩和呼吸器使用方式、不良反应和错误的横断面研究。
Medical masks' and respirators' pattern of use, adverse effects and errors among Portuguese health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Public Health Unit, Healthcare Community Center of Porto IV, Vila do Conde, Portugal; Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance Control Unit, Matosinhos Local Health Unit, Matosinhos, Portugal.
Public Health Unit, Healthcare Community Center of Porto IV, Vila do Conde, Portugal.
出版信息
Am J Infect Control. 2022 Jun;50(6):618-623. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2021.10.002. Epub 2021 Oct 13.
BACKGROUND
During COVID-19 pandemic, a shortage of surgical masks (Mask) and respirators (Resp) was experienced worldwide. We aimed to assess its pattern of use, adverse effects and user errors by Portuguese health care professionals (HCP).
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted through snowball convenience sample, collected by email/ social media to health care organizations. Participants answered an online anonymous survey in March 2021.
RESULTS
Mean age of 3052 respondents was 42.1 years old, 83.6% were female and 77.8% provided direct health care to COVID-19 patients. Mean time of use per shift was 6-8 hours in 40.8% of the participants. 28.0% reported never changing it during their shift. Resp use (vs Mask) was more associated with discomfort (58.2% vs 26.8%), affecting task performance (41.5 vs 18.9%) and communication (55.0 vs 40.9%), dyspnea (36.0 vs 14.4%), skin rash (37.5 vs 19.4%) and headache (37.5 vs 19.4%). Frequent user errors included touching the front while in use (70.1% Mask vs 66.3% Resp) and omitting hand hygiene before (61.8% Mask vs 55.0% Resp) or after use (61.3% Mask vs 57.0% Resp). Average number of errors was higher for Mask (4.3), than for Resp (3.2) (all: P < .001).
CONCLUSIONS
Most HCP admitted an extended use of Mask/ Resp. Resp were more prone to adverse effects and Mask more prone to errors. Strategies to reinforce good practices should be considered.
背景
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，全球范围内出现了外科口罩（口罩）和呼吸器（呼吸器）短缺的情况。我们旨在评估葡萄牙卫生保健专业人员（HCP）对其使用模式、不良反应和使用者错误的评估。
方法
通过雪球便利样本进行了一项横断面研究，通过电子邮件/社交媒体收集卫生保健组织的样本。参与者于 2021 年 3 月回答了在线匿名调查。
结果
3052 名受访者的平均年龄为 42.1 岁，83.6%为女性，77.8%为 COVID-19 患者提供直接医疗服务。40.8%的参与者每班次使用时间为 6-8 小时。28.0%的人报告在轮班期间从未更换过口罩。与口罩相比，呼吸器的使用（与口罩相比）更容易引起不适（58.2%比 26.8%），影响任务表现（41.5%比 18.9%）和沟通（55.0%比 40.9%），呼吸困难（36.0%比 14.4%），皮疹（37.5%比 19.4%）和头痛（37.5%比 19.4%）。频繁的使用者错误包括在使用时触摸口罩的前面（口罩为 70.1%，呼吸器为 66.3%），以及在使用前（口罩为 61.8%，呼吸器为 55.0%）或使用后（口罩为 61.3%，呼吸器为 57.0%）不进行手部卫生。口罩的错误平均数量（4.3）高于呼吸器（3.2）（均 P<.001）。
结论
大多数 HCP 承认口罩/呼吸器的使用时间延长。呼吸器更容易出现不良反应，口罩更容易出现错误。应考虑采取策略加强良好操作。
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