Ifremer, BE, F-44300, Nantes, France.
Ifremer, BE, F-44300, Nantes, France.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Jan 1;292(Pt A):118328. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118328. Epub 2021 Oct 12.
The Mytilus mussels are spread all over the world and many related species coexist in several areas and can produce hybrid offspring. Mussels have been used for decades in national and international programs to monitor chemical contamination in the environment. Differences in bioaccumulation and biotransformation abilities between species and their hybrids should be evaluated to assess the comparability of the results obtained within the international biomonitoring programs. The objective of this study was to characterize bioaccumulation abilities and biomarker responses in Mytilus edulis, Mytilus galloprovincialis and their hybrids via an in situ transplantation experimentation on their progenies. Four mussel groups (M. edulis, M. galloprovincialis and two hybrids batches) issued from genetically characterized parents were transplanted for one year in Charente Maritime (France) to ensure their exposure to identical sources of contamination. The bioaccumulation of several families of contaminants (trace metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls), the response of several biomarkers (DNA strand breaks level, lysosomal membrane stability, metallothionein content, acetylcholine esterase activity) and some physiological parameters (growth, mortality, gonadal development), were analyzed. Differences were observed between species, however they were contaminant-specific. Variations in contaminants levels were observed between progenies, with higher levels of Cu, PBDE, PCB in M. edulis, and higher levels of Cd, Hg, Zn in M galloprovincialis. This study demonstrated that variations in contaminant bioaccumulation and different biomarker responses exist between Mytilus species in the field. Data on species or the presence of hybrid individuals (or introgression) is an important additional parameter to add to biomonitoring programs databases.
贻贝分布于世界各地，许多相关物种在多个地区共存，并能产生杂交后代。几十年来，贻贝一直被用于国家和国际计划，以监测环境中的化学污染。应评估物种及其杂种之间的生物积累和生物转化能力差异，以评估国际生物监测计划中获得的结果的可比性。本研究的目的是通过对其后代的原位移植实验，表征贻贝、厚壳贻贝及其杂种的生物积累能力和生物标志物反应。从遗传特征明确的亲代中分离出四个贻贝群体（贻贝、厚壳贻贝和两个杂交批次），在法国夏朗德省进行了为期一年的移植，以确保它们接触到相同的污染来源。分析了几种污染物（痕量金属、多环芳烃、多溴二苯醚、多氯联苯）的生物积累、几种生物标志物（DNA 链断裂水平、溶酶体膜稳定性、金属硫蛋白含量、乙酰胆碱酯酶活性）和一些生理参数（生长、死亡率、性腺发育）的反应。观察到了物种之间的差异，但这些差异是特定于污染物的。亲代之间存在差异，后代之间存在污染物水平的变化，贻贝中的 Cu、PBDE、PCB 水平较高，厚壳贻贝中的 Cd、Hg、Zn 水平较高。本研究表明，贻贝类在野外存在污染物生物积累和不同生物标志物反应的差异。关于物种的数据或杂种个体（或渐渗）的存在是生物监测计划数据库中需要添加的一个重要附加参数。
