Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular/Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, CEP 81531-980, Brazil.
Estação de Piscicultura Panamá, Est. Geral Bom Retiro, Paulo Lopes, SC, CEP 88490-000, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Mar;29(12):17087-17102. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16779-x. Epub 2021 Oct 16.
Flame retardants are compounds added to a high diversity of polymers used in electronics and furniture to decrease the risk of combustion. Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) is a polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congener still used worldwide, while 2, 4, 6-tribromophenol(TBP) is a PBDE metabolite used as a pesticide and flame retardant for wood conservation. These compounds have lipophilic properties and are easily bioaccumulated in the food chain. In the current study, the acute and chronic toxicity of BDE-209 and TBP was evaluated in Oreochromis niloticus through analyses of redox imbalance, neurotoxicity, and histopathological biomarkers after acute (24, 48, 72, and 96 h) and chronic (90 days) exposure to 0.5, 5, and 50 ng/g of the polybrominated compounds. The results showed effects on glutathione S-transferase(GST) activity and damage to biomolecules in both acute and chronic exposures. Liver histopathology and the ultrastructure of hepatocytes revealed alterations and damage in individuals from both experiments, but only BDE-209 led to neurotoxic effects. The current study revealed new endpoints related to polybrominated compounds in fish, highlighting the need to review the risk of exposure to biota.
阻燃剂是添加到电子和家具中使用的多种聚合物中的化合物，以降低燃烧风险。十溴二苯醚（BDE-209）是一种仍在全球范围内使用的多溴二苯醚（PBDE）同系物，而 2,4,6-三溴苯酚（TBP）是一种用作农药和木材保护阻燃剂的 PBDE 代谢物。这些化合物具有亲脂性，容易在食物链中生物积累。在目前的研究中，通过分析氧化还原失衡、神经毒性和组织病理学生物标志物，评估了 BDE-209 和 TBP 在尼罗罗非鱼中的急性和慢性毒性，在 0.5、5 和 50ng/g 的多溴化合物急性（24、48、72 和 96 小时）和慢性（90 天）暴露后。结果表明，在急性和慢性暴露中，GST 活性和生物分子损伤均受到影响。肝组织病理学和肝细胞的超微结构显示，两个实验中的个体都发生了改变和损伤，但只有 BDE-209 导致了神经毒性作用。本研究揭示了鱼类中与多溴化合物有关的新终点，强调需要重新评估生物群暴露的风险。
