Department of Adult Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, School of Agriculture, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
BMC Womens Health. 2021 Oct 17;21(1):367. doi: 10.1186/s12905-021-01509-9.
Cervical cancer is an issue of global health concern, and it seems to be the next epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa after Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This study compared the perceptions of susceptibility to cervical cancer and benefits of cervical cancer screening among women diagnosed and those with unknown HIV status and determined the association between socio-demographic factors and HIV status.
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 600 women diagnosed with HIV and 600 women with unknown HIV status in the Central Region of Ghana. Convenience sampling was used and a structured interview schedule was the main data collection instrument. Data were analysed using frequencies, percentages, chi-square test and independent samples t-test.
A high proportion of women diagnosed with HIV 94.8% (n = 569) and those with unknown HIV status 93.5% (n = 561) agreed that "screening can find cervical changes". Also, 58.0% (n = 348) of women diagnosed with HIV agreed that they have been in polygamous relationships so they may get cervical cancer. There was a statistically significant association between marital status (X = 167.071, p = 0.001), religion (X = 57.720, p = 0.001), level of education (X = 118.997, p = 0.001), employment status (X = 782.646, p = 0.001) and HIV status. A comparison of the mean difference for women diagnosed and those with unknown HIV status in relation to perceived benefits of cervical cancer screening showed a statistically significant difference (t = 7.418, df = 1198, p = 0.001). Nonetheless, there was no statistically significant difference in the means for women diagnosed and those with unknown HIV status regarding perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer (t = 0.935, df = 1198, p = 0.351).
Women with HIV perceived higher benefits of cervical cancer screening. Perception of susceptibility to cervical cancer by women with and those without HIV need to be addressed in efforts to improve their health. Furthermore, interventions for women with HIV should consider some important sociodemographic factors.
宫颈癌是全球关注的健康问题，它似乎是继人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）之后撒哈拉以南非洲的下一个流行病。本研究比较了诊断为宫颈癌和 HIV 状况未知的妇女对宫颈癌易感性和宫颈癌筛查益处的看法，并确定了社会人口因素与 HIV 状况之间的关系。
在加纳中部地区，对 600 名 HIV 诊断妇女和 600 名 HIV 状况未知的妇女进行了横断面研究。采用便利抽样，结构访谈表是主要的数据收集工具。使用频率、百分比、卡方检验和独立样本 t 检验进行数据分析。
很高比例的 HIV 诊断妇女（94.8%，n=569）和 HIV 状况未知的妇女（93.5%，n=561）都同意“筛查可以发现宫颈癌的变化”。此外，58.0%（n=348）的 HIV 诊断妇女同意她们有过一夫多妻的关系，因此她们可能会得宫颈癌。婚姻状况（X²=167.071，p=0.001）、宗教（X²=57.720，p=0.001）、教育程度（X²=118.997，p=0.001）、就业状况（X²=782.646，p=0.001）与 HIV 状况之间存在统计学显著关联。对诊断为宫颈癌和 HIV 状况未知的妇女在宫颈癌筛查益处方面的感知差异进行均值比较，显示存在统计学显著差异（t=7.418，df=1198，p=0.001）。然而，在诊断为宫颈癌和 HIV 状况未知的妇女对宫颈癌易感性的感知方面，均值没有统计学显著差异（t=0.935，df=1198，p=0.351）。
HIV 诊断妇女认为宫颈癌筛查的益处更高。需要解决 HIV 妇女和无 HIV 妇女对宫颈癌易感性的看法，以改善她们的健康。此外，针对 HIV 妇女的干预措施应考虑一些重要的社会人口因素。
