Guo Xiang, Zhao Jin-Peng, Wang Ru-Lin, Li Xu-Yi, Wang Ming-Tian
Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration/Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610072, China.
Water-Saving Agriculture in Southern Hill Area Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610066, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2021 Sep;32(9):3213-3222. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202109.013.
Continuous rain disaster is a kind of complex disaster with high frequency in the Basin area of Sichuan Province. Continuous rainy weather may appear in every growing stage of rice, with consequences on the yield and quality. Based on the meteorological data of 105 meteorological stations between 1981 and 2019, combining the observation data of rise production, agricultural statistics and the basic geographic information, we quantitatively evaluated and compared the continuous-rain disasters in the whole growth period and the four growth stages (sowing-jointing, jointing-booting, booting-early filling, mid-late filling-maturity) between transplanted rice and direct-seeded rice in the basin area of Sichuan Province. The results showed that the disaster index of continuous-rain for rice was higher in the sowing-jointing stage and the mid-late filling-maturity stage, higher in the northern and southwest edges of the basin, and lower in the middle, western and southern basin. The area with high-risk was relatively limited, which concentrated in the northern edge of the basin and scattered in the southern region of the basin. The low-risk area was the most widely distributed, which concentrated in the western and central parts of the basin. The total area of high-disaster areas for transplanted rice was 2.4 times as large as that for direct-seeded rice.
连阴雨灾害是四川省盆地区频发的一种复杂灾害。水稻生长的各个阶段都可能出现连阴雨天气，进而影响产量和品质。基于1981—2019年105个气象站点的气象数据，结合水稻产量观测资料、农业统计数据及基础地理信息，对四川省盆地区移栽稻和直播稻全生育期及播种—拔节、拔节—孕穗、孕穗—抽穗扬花、抽穗扬花—成熟4个生育阶段的连阴雨灾害进行了定量评估与比较。结果表明，水稻连阴雨灾害指数在播种—拔节期和抽穗扬花—成熟阶段较高，盆地区北部边缘和西南部边缘较高，盆地中部、西部和南部较低。高风险区范围相对有限，集中在盆地区北部边缘，在盆地区南部呈零星分布；低风险区分布最广，集中在盆地区西部和中部。移栽稻高灾面积是直播稻的2.4倍。
