School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Ethn Health. 2022 Nov;27(8):1806-1824. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2021.1990218. Epub 2021 Oct 20.
African American women are exposed to multiple adverse psychosocial factors, including racism, discrimination, poverty, neighborhood stress, anxiety, and depression. The impact of these psychosocial factors on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in women during early adulthood is limited. This review aims to summarize and synthesize the recent literature on psychosocial factors related to CVD risk in young African American women.
We conducted a comprehensive search of the literature in PubMed, APA PsycINFO, and CINAHL. We systematically reviewed the literature for studies examining associations between psychosocial factors (e.g. racism, discrimination, neighborhood stress, anxiety) and CVD risk factors (e.g. body mass index [BMI], blood pressure, diabetes) in African American women age 19-24 years. Eligible studies measured at least one psychosocial factor, a CVD risk factor, and included young adult African American women (age 19-24) or reported sex-stratified analyses.
We identified nine studies that met our inclusion criteria: six cross-sectional and three longitudinal studies. Of these, eight studies reported that psychosocial factors (i.e. perceived stress, racial discrimination, internalized racism, depression) are related to higher BMI and blood pressure. The majority of studies were conducted among college students or had a small sample size (<200). The quality of six studies was rated as ; the remainder were and .
Findings from this review suggest that exposure to adverse psychosocial factors may be related to increased CVD risk in early adulthood (age 19-24) in African American women. However, larger prospective analyses are necessary to examine these associations.
非裔美国女性面临多种不良心理社会因素，包括种族主义、歧视、贫困、邻里压力、焦虑和抑郁。这些心理社会因素对年轻非裔美国女性心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险的影响有限。本综述旨在总结和综合近期有关年轻非裔美国女性心血管疾病风险相关心理社会因素的文献。
我们在 PubMed、APA PsycINFO 和 CINAHL 中进行了全面的文献检索。我们系统地审查了文献，以研究与非裔美国女性（年龄 19-24 岁）相关的心理社会因素（例如种族主义、歧视、邻里压力、焦虑）与 CVD 风险因素（例如体重指数 [BMI]、血压、糖尿病）之间的关联。合格的研究至少测量了一个心理社会因素、一个 CVD 风险因素，并包括年轻的成年非裔美国女性（年龄 19-24 岁）或报告了按性别分层的分析。
我们确定了符合纳入标准的九项研究：六项横断面研究和三项纵向研究。其中八项研究报告称，心理社会因素（即感知压力、种族歧视、内化的种族主义、抑郁）与更高的 BMI 和血压有关。大多数研究是在大学生中进行的，或者样本量较小（<200）。六项研究的质量被评为 ;其余的是 和 。
本综述的结果表明，暴露于不良心理社会因素可能与年轻非裔美国女性（年龄 19-24 岁）的 CVD 风险增加有关。然而，需要更大的前瞻性分析来检验这些关联。
