Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts;.
Berkeley Sociology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.
Am J Prev Med. 2022 Jan;62(1):e21-e28. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.06.022. Epub 2021 Oct 17.
Stress from negative life events may be an important risk factor for chronic cardiometabolic conditions, which are increasingly prevalent among young adults. Support from personal networks is known to buffer stress from negative life events. Yet, evidence for these relationships among both young and older adults remains unclear.
Longitudinal data came from the University of California, Berkeley Social Networks Study (2015-2018), which followed young (aged 21-30 years) and late middle-aged (aged 50-70 years) adults over 4 years. Weighted hybrid fixed and random effects models (completed in 2020) were used to examine the causal relationships among 4 negative life events, distinct forms of network support (e.g., social companionship, emergency help), and self-reported chronic cardiometabolic disease outcomes (i.e., hypertension, diabetes, or a heart condition).
Among young adults, both the death of a close tie (average marginal effect=0.10, p<0.001) and financial difficulties (average marginal effect=0.07, p<0.05) were associated with a higher probability of chronic cardiometabolic outcomes. Higher numbers of confidants (average marginal effect= -0.03, p<0.01) and practical helpers (average marginal effect= -0.02, p<0.01) were associated with a lower probability of chronic cardiometabolic outcomes, whereas higher numbers of social companions were associated with a higher probability of having chronic cardiometabolic outcomes among young adults (average marginal effect=0.02, p<0.01).
Negative life events may be important risk factors for chronic cardiometabolic disease outcomes, particularly among young adults. Although there is no evidence of network support mediating the effects of negative life events, increases in network support were directly associated with chronic cardiometabolic outcomes.
来自负面生活事件的压力可能是慢性心血管代谢疾病的一个重要风险因素，而这种疾病在年轻成年人中越来越普遍。个人网络的支持被认为可以缓冲来自负面生活事件的压力。然而，这些关系在年轻和老年成年人中的证据仍不清楚。
纵向数据来自加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校社会网络研究（2015-2018 年），该研究在 4 年内跟踪了年轻（21-30 岁）和中老年（50-70 岁）成年人。使用加权混合固定和随机效应模型（于 2020 年完成）来检验 4 种负面生活事件、不同形式的网络支持（例如社交陪伴、紧急帮助）与自我报告的慢性心血管代谢疾病结局（即高血压、糖尿病或心脏病）之间的因果关系。
在年轻成年人中，亲密关系的丧失（平均边际效应=0.10，p<0.001）和经济困难（平均边际效应=0.07，p<0.05）都与慢性心血管代谢疾病结局的发生概率较高有关。更多的知己（平均边际效应= -0.03，p<0.01）和实用帮手（平均边际效应= -0.02，p<0.01）与慢性心血管代谢疾病结局的发生概率较低有关，而更多的社交伙伴与年轻成年人中慢性心血管代谢疾病结局的发生概率较高有关（平均边际效应=0.02，p<0.01）。
负面生活事件可能是慢性心血管代谢疾病结局的重要风险因素，尤其是在年轻成年人中。虽然没有证据表明网络支持会调节负面生活事件的影响，但网络支持的增加与慢性心血管代谢疾病结局直接相关。
